Studied by 1 personStrain
________ is how rocks respond to stress à expressed in rocks folding or faulting.
Flows of heat
________ and material are deep below the surface, with radioactive decay being the main energy source.
Volcanic features
________, formed by surface accumulation of molten rock from eruptions of subsurface materials.
Catastrophism
________- Compressed timescale for Earths existence.
Rocks
________ are a bunch of minerals cemented together.
Endogenic systems
________ involve internal processes- Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes.
Hypsometry
________- distribution of Earths surface and elevation in relation to sea level.
Extrusive
________- molten material above the earths surface.
Exogenic systems
________ involve external processes- Weathering, Erosion, Rivers, Oceans, Glaciers.
Igneous
________: forms from magma found below the earths surface.
Syncline
________- trough of a fold, slope downward towards the axis (trough)
Anticline
________- ridge of a fold, slope downward away from axis.
Asthenosphere
________: is a plastic layer below the crust; drives plate tectonics.
Intrusive
________- forms within the earths crust.
Vertical elevation
Relief- ________ differences in the landscape | Topography- Describes earths surface.
Uniformitarianism
________- physical processes operating today operated in the past.
Guttenberg
________ discontinuity- Line in between Mantle and core.
radioactive decay of isotopes
Absolute- uses ________ to find the exact age.
rigid layer
Lithosphere: Rocky, ________ made up of crust and upper mantle.
Tectonic cycle
________- moves material between the surface and mantle.
Minerals
________ are a natural compound having a specific chemical formula and crystalline structure.
Equilibrium
Punctuated ________- Periods of stability interrupted by dramatic changes.
Contact metamorphism
________- heating due to rising magma.
Oxides
________: Oxygen + other metal (iron ________, calcium ________)
Metamorphic
________: Rocks put under intense heat and /or pressure, altering the chemical composition.
Hydrologic cycle
________- erosion, transportation, deposition.
Magnetic reversals
________- particles align themselves with prevailing magnetic field.
Rocks
________ are subjected to stress due to tectonic forces, gravity, and pressure from overlying ________.
Uniformitarianism
physical processes operating today operated in the past
Catastrophism
Compressed timescale for Earths existence
Inner Core
solid iron
Outer Core
Molten Iron
Lithosphere
Rocky, rigid layer made up of crust and upper mantle
Asthenosphere
is a plastic layer below the crust; drives plate tectonics
Silicates
common mineral family (quartz, feldspar, gemstones)
Oxides
Oxygen + other metal (iron oxide, calcium oxide)
Igneous
forms from magma found below the earths surface
Intrusive
forms within the earths crust
Extrusive
molten material above the earths surface
Sedimentary
Rocks formed from sediment
Metamorphic
Rocks put under intense heat and/or pressure, altering the chemical composition
Regional metamorphism
sediment collecting in broad depression
Contact metamorphism
heating due to rising magma
Hydrologic cycle
erosion, transportation, deposition
Rock cycle
3 basic rock types
Tectonic cycle
moves material between the surface and mantle
sea floor spreading
undersea mountain ranges
magnetic reversals
particles align themselves with prevailing magnetic field
Anticline
ridge of a fold, slope downward away from axis
Syncline
trough of a fold, slope downward towards the axis (trough)
Thrust fault
overturned folds
Faulting
when the stress is so great, the crust breaks
Normal Fault
Pulling rocks apart (tension fault)
Reverse Fault
Compression pushing against rocks (thrust fault), one part of crust overruns the other
Strike-Slip Fault
Stress applied is in a shearing direction and you get a break
Note
Flashcard