Medical Assisting Ch. 49-52

ac

before meals

DAW

dispense as written

D/C

Discontinue

Sig

Signature, directions, dispense #

Drug Effects: Local

Having it’s effect restricted to the area in which it was administered, aka it only works in the spot where its given

Drug Effects: Remote

It causes effects in other parts of the body, not where it was given.

Drug Effects: Systemic

The effect spreads all over the body.

Organization that controls/approves the meds

FDA

Drug Names: Chemical

Short scientific name of the ingredients

Drug Name: Generic (NOT CAPITALIZED)

drug approved by FDA, generic/official name gicen by USAN

Drug Name: Trade

company gives drug a brand name to sell, FDA approves to avoid confusion.

Controlled Substances: Schedule 1

Illegal drugs with no medical use and high risk of abuse (heroin, LSD).

Controlled Substances: Schedule 2

Legal drugs with medical use but very high abuse risk (oxycodone, Adderall).

Controlled Substances: Schedule 3

Drugs with moderate abuse risk and accepted medical use (steroids, Tylenol with codeine).

Controlled Substances: Schedule 4

Drugs with low abuse risk and medical use

Controlled Substances: Schedule 5

Drugs with very low abuse risk, often for cough or diarrhea (like cough syrup with small amounts of codeine).

Nonprescription drugs / OTC

safe and effective for use by all without requiring Rx. FDA still monitors these meds for problems & accurate labels ingredients and purpose of use

Who can enter your workplace and shut it down if rules aren’t being followed?

Joint Commission

Medications that ends up not working well

intolerance

Tylenols, Claritins, Advils, Midols are considered what?

OTC

Agency that can raid your house

DEA

Drug Actions of the body: Chemotherapeutic

kill infection, cure disease/cancer

Drug Actions of the body: Pharmacodynamic

treat noninfectious processes

Drug Actions of the body: Misc. Agents

pain relievers, smoking cessation agents, antipsoriatics

What can affect how our body responds to a drug?

age, wt, body mass, method of admin, tolerance, allergies, time + interaction

type of medication acts quicker than the rest

Sublingual, buccal, Intravenous

Local drug effect EXAMPLE

skin cream that treats a rash only where it's applied

Remote drug effect EXAMPLE

pain pill taken po that relieves pain all over the body

Systemic drug effect EXAMPLE

insulin injected into the body to control blood sugar everywhere.

Capsules

Cylinder-shaped enclosure for medication

Drops

sterile solution containing medication delivered into area to be treated (eyes,nose,ears)

Inhalants

meds prepared to be delivered in fixed/nonfixed dose to be breathed thru the nose or po.

Powders (drug form)

Tiny particles made to be mixed into drinks or food before swallowing.

skin preparations (drug form)

ointments, creams, lotions

suppositories

bullet-shaped tablets that melt easily at body temp for administration thru vag, urethra, rectum

tablets

medication that is bound together by substances that dissolve in stomach acids

transdermal patches

adhesive patch with time-released dose of medication to be worn for a specified period of time

Controlled Substances Schedule for antidepressants

Level 3

Controlled substance label includes

‘C’, roman numerals

stored in office by dual lock, diff key per person

Drug reps

drop off samples for pt

Pt script needs

practitioner name & address, date of the issue, pt name & address, dosage, # refills if needed, signature

4 ways to get Rx out for pt

1. Handwritten paper Rx. or Walked in

2. E-prescription

3. Phone call to the pharmacy (Called In)

4. Faxed Rx.

Brand/Trade names are

Capitalized

When charting vaccine med, what to write after giving pt. med

dosage, name of med, route, location, time day given

medication for Anaphylactic reaction (throat closing)

Epinephrin

2 measurements on needle

gauge (diameter) and length

Glass container to break the neck before use

ampule

The safety flappy cap on a needle prevents

needlesticks ( accidental contact, infection risk )

Antibiotic taken prior to swab or blood test sent to lab to ensure that the medication will fight off the infection, what type of test is this called?

Sensitivity Test

7 Rights of Med Admin

Right pt, med, dosage, route, time, documentation, technique

Routes of Administration: Buccal

placed between the cheek and gum for absorption thru mucous membranes po. medication is a solution, gel, or dissolvable tablet

Routes of Administration: Sublingual

placed under the tongue for fast absorption; medication is a dissolvable tablet or gel

Dispense as Written (DAW)

pharmacist must give the exact drug written by the doctor, not a generic or substitute.

DEA

agency that enforces drug laws and controls legal and illegal drug use.

FDA

responsible for regulating the approval of medications, foods, cosmetics, and certain supplements

Joint Commission

Agency that checks if hospitals follow rules so they can get paid by Medicare for medical care they give.

Diphtheria

A sudden infection that causes a thick fake coating on moist areas like the throat or nose, making it hard to breathe.

Hepatitis A

acute infectious disease of the liver caused by a virus that is transmitted by contaminated food or water or by direct person-to-person contact

Hepatitis B

acute infection of the liver transmitted through blood or body fluids.

Pertussis

acute infectious disease characterized by a paroxysmal cough, ending in a whooping inspiration.

Rubella

mild contagious viral disease that may cause severe damage to an unborn child.

Rubeola

acute, highly contagious disease marked by a typical cutaneous eruption.