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Multipolar

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Bipolar

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Unipolar

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Dendrites

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axon hillock (trigger zone)

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Axon

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Soma

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What are a majority of neurons? (99%)

Multipolar

What neuron has the most processes?

Multipolar

Where are a majority of multipolar neurons?

CNS

What are the motor neurons in multipolar?

Efferent (CNS to PNS to effectors)

What many processes are there in a bipolar neuron?

2

What are bipolar neurons function?

Sensory (eyes, ears, nose)

How many processes are there in a unipolar neuron?

1 process that comes from soma

What is the cell body called in a unipolar neuron?

Ganglion (plural ganglia)

What are unipolar neurons function?

Sensory (PNS to CNS)

What is a ganglia?

Cell bodies of multiple unipolar neurons aggregate together to form a specialized mass

What is the 1st step in the reflex cycle? (PNS)

Sensory Receptor

How does a sensory receptor sense?

Externo/intero/proprio receptors

Where are sensory receptors found?

Dentrites/ skin or sense organ

What is the second step in the reflex cycle? (PNS)

Sensory Neuron

What neuron type are most sensory neurons?

Unipolar (exception eye ears nose (bipolar))

What is the third step in the reflex cycle? (CNS)

Interneuron

What is another name for an interneuron?

AKA association neuron

What do interneurons do?

Links neurons within CNS

What is the 4th step in the reflex cycle? (CNS)

Interneuron

What is the 5th step in the reflex cycle? (CNS)

Motor Neuron

What type of neuron is a motor neuron?

Multipolar

What do motor neurons do?

Carry impulses (instructions) to PNS + effectors

What is the 6th step of the reflex cycle? (PNS)

Effector

What do effectors do?

Respond to impulses and respond based on muscle or glands

What does an embryo do for neurons?

Guide them to their positions and stimulates them to specialize

Ependymal Cells

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Where can you find ependymal cells?

Central Canal, Ventricle of brain, covering choroid plexus

What do ependymal cells regulate?

Production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

What do ependymal cells allow?

Diffusion between CSF and nervous tissue

What shape of cells are ependymal?

Cuboidal or columnar; ciliated

Astrocytes

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What do astrocytes connect?

neurons and blood vessels

What do astrocytes exchange?

Nutrients and growth factors

What do astrocytes aide in?

Metabolism (glucose)

What do astrocytes regulate?

Ion concentration (K+)

What do astrocytes form?

Scar tissue and a blood-brain barrier

What is a blood-brain barrier of astrocytes?

Restricts movements of substances

What is scar tissue associated with astrocytes?

Fill spaces and closes gaps

What do gap junctions associated with astrocytes?

Allow calcium to move in between

What do astrocytes help to do?

Induce Synapse formation

Microglia

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What is phagocytosis associated with microglia?

The process by which cells surround and digest certain particles (bacteria and cell debris)

Where do microglia cells proliferate?

Where CNS is inflamed due to injury or disease

What do microglia help to provide?

Some structural support

Oligodendrocytes

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What do oligodendrocytes myelinate?

CNS axons with no neurolemma

What do oligodendrocytes form?

several sheaths of myelin

What do oligodendrocytes help to provide?

Structural support

What do Schwann cells do in PNS?

form myelin sheaths

What do satellite cells do in PNS?

Support cluster of neuron cell bodies (ganglia)

Schwann Cells

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Satellite Cells

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