HIST108 Midterm 1 Study Set

The Neolithic Revolution happened about:

A. 10,000 years ago

B. 50,000 years ago

C. 250,000 years ago

D. 4,000 years ago

A. 10,000 years ago

In prehistoric/preliterate tradition:

A. The only archive was the human memory

B. Data were carved on tree trunks

C. Information and facts are aggregative rather than analytic

D. Only A and C

E. None of the above

D. Only A and C

The concept of ‘Natural Laws’ was developed by:

A. Egyptians

B. Babylonians

C. Prehistoric tradition

D. None of the above

D. None of the above

Mark the correct statement:

A. The invention of writing was a prerequisite for the development of philosophy and science.

B. The development of philosophy and science was a function of the efficiency of the system of writing.

C. Sophisticated concepts and abstractions can develop within an efficient language and writing system.

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Horoscopic Astrology was developed by:

A. Babylonians

B. Egyptians

C. Ancient Chinese astronomers

D. Mayan astrologers

A. Babylonians

According to Mario Bunge:

A. Operative theories provide knowledge about the object of action.

B. Substantive theories concerned with action itself.

C. Both A and B are correct

D. Both A and B are incorrect

D. Both A and B are incorrect

Five mechanical devices related to lever used in the ancient world were:

A. wedge; screw driver; compound pulley; wheel and axel; pump

B. wedge; plier; nails; wheel and axel; inclined plane

C. drills; pliers; hammers; wheel and axel; inclined plane

D. wedge; screw; compound pulley; wheel and axel; inclined plane

D. wedge; screw; compound pulley; wheel and axel; inclined plane

What was the main limitation of ancient natural energies?

A. Their extreme power was not controllable

B. They needed complicated machinery

C. They were available for a very short time

D. Transmission of the energy was difficult and power should be used very close to their production facility

D. Transmission of the energy was difficult and power should be used very close to their production facility

The size of surplus is determined by:

A. The size of arable lands, the level of agricultural technology, the size of population, the rate of corruption in the government

B. The type of government, the size of military, the level of technology and the size of its population

C. The amount of energy, the society’s technology, the mix of its economy and the size of its population

D. None of the above

C. The amount of energy, the society’s technology, the mix of its economy and the size of its population

Among urban products in early civilizations, one can name:

A. Jewelry, toys, writing tools

B. Ships, chariots, spears

C. Pottery, wines, oils, cosmetics

D. Books, tablets, paper

C. Pottery, wines, oils, cosmetics

Development of Irrigation System in Mesopotamia also lead to the development of:

A. Water cooling and heating systems

B. Water bottling technology

C. Pools, baths, and swimming techniques

D. Civil laws to observe justice in the distribution of water, canals, and aqueducts

D. Civil laws to observe justice in the distribution of water, canals, and aqueducts

Egyptian pyramid building began during the period of

A. The New Kingdom (ca. 1550-1070 BC)

B. The Old Kingdom (ca. 2613-2181 BC)

C. The Middle Kingdom (ca. 2030-1650 BC)

D. The Ptolemaic Era

B. The Old Kingdom (ca. 2613-2181 BC)

During and after AD 1000, the main customers of Chinese iron were:

A. army; watermill and windmill industries; Vietnamese

B. army, farmers, Buddhists

C. army, farmers, Mongols

D. none of the above

B. army, farmers, Buddhists

Among the Chinese innovations in the field of hydraulics were:

A. Irrigation with sprinklers + Aqueducts

B. Dams + Qanats

C. Spillways + Pound locks

D. Canals + Aqueducts

C. Spillways + Pound locks

Four Chinese inventions reached to Europe:

A. Sprinklers + Aqueducts, Rockets, mechanical clocks, Paper

B. Gunpowder, Alchemy, Astrology, Bookbinding

C. Iron smelting technology, Spillways, Mechanical Clocks, Gunpowder

D. Gunpowder, Paper, Printing, Compass

D. Gunpowder, Paper, Printing, Compass

Chinese artificial canals were used for:

A. Annual rowing race of Navy officers

B. Irrigation

C. Transportation mainly transportation of Iron

D. Military drills

C. Transportation mainly transportation of Iron

Mark the correct statement:

A. During the first half of the 16th century, Spaniards transferred new technologies into Central America, especially Mexico, which caused a rapid increase in population in Mexico.

B. During the first half of the 16th century, as a result of military invasion and disease transfer, Mexico lost a big part of its population.

C. By the 16th century, although iron was not known in Central America, they had developed effective tool/technology complexes to be self-sufficient in agricultural productions.

D. Only B and C are correct.

D. Only B and C are correct.

The most important items introduced to America in the 16th and 17th centuries by Europeans were:

A. Gold, silver, horses, corn

B. Wheat, calendar, potato

C. Wheel, horse, iron, firearms

D. Baked brick, paper, wheel

C. Wheel, horse, iron, firearms

This enormous population of Mayan cities was supported, in part, by means of sophisticated:

A. mining technology

B. irrigation technology

C. transportation technology

D. medical technology

B. irrigation technology

The arrival of Europeans on the mainland of Central America in the first half of the 16th century led to a disaster because of the combination of:

A. Military invasions and diseases

B. Military invasions and introduction of firearms to native Americans

C. Endemic diseases and agricultural pests transferred from Europe to Central America

A. Military invasions and diseases

Similarity of ‘mulberry-bark paper’ production in China and Central America can be a result of:

A. The Chinese established paper mills in America before AD 700

B. Independent invention of this paper in two different continents

C. Transfer of the technique from Siberia to Iceland, Canada, and finally N. America

C. Transfer of the technique from Siberia to Iceland, Canada, and finally N. America

African mathematics mostly can be found in their:

A. hunting tools

B. irrigation systems

C. games, artistic motifs and abstract patterns

D. astronomical models

C. games, artistic motifs and abstract patterns

Why did Aristotle became the most dominant figure in Medieval philosophy and education system?

A. He established a comprehensive system of philosophy and a coherent theory of the objects of the universe are arranged in distinct configuration

B. He wrote systematically about physics, metaphysics, poetry, zoology, music, logic, ethics, politics, rhetoric, government, and even theater 

C. He laid down the foundations of the heliocentric system of the universe

D. Only A and B are correct

E. All options: A, B and C are correct

D. Only A and B are correct

The period following the conquest of Alexander the Great is known as the

A. Classical Age

B. Hellenistic Age

C. Greek Age

D. Golden Age

B. Hellenistic Age

Mark the correct statement:

A. The Hellenistic age – starting right after the Babylonian period – was the period of important advances in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and practical labor-saving inventions.

B. The Hellenistic age – 6th century BC to 3rd century BC – was a period that great philosophers and scientists laid down the foundations of Western science and technology.

C. In the Hellenistic age – a period of about 200 years between the fall of Roman Empire and the beginning of the so-called Dark Ages in Europe – the Greek tradition of science and philosophy transferred into the newly established Islamic Empire.

D. The Hellenistic age – starting 600 AD and lasting up to the 9th century AD – was a period that important advancements in mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and technology led to the European Renaissance

E. None of the above

E. None of the above

Which sequence is chronologically correct?

A. Hellenistic Period, Hellenic Period, Islamic Period, Roman Period,

B. Hellenistic Period, Islamic Period, Roman Period, Early Middle Ages (so called Dark Ages)

C. Roman Period, Islamic Period, Hellenistic Period, Plato, Aristotle

D. Hellenistic Period, Aristotle, Hellenistic Period, Islamic Period

D. Hellenistic Period, Aristotle, Hellenistic Period, Islamic Period

\*…………. wrote a book entitled \*\*………….. where he gave a mathematical description of the geocentric model. This book was the bible of technical astronomy until the 17th century.

A. \*Aristotle / \*\*De caelo

B. \*Euclid / \*\*Elements

C. \*Copernicus / \*\* On the Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres

D. \* Ptolemy / \*\* Almagest

D. \* Ptolemy / \*\* Almagest

The Hellenistic physician who produced a large and influential body of work in anatomy, physiology was:

A. Aristotle

B. Marcus Aurelius

C. Pliny the Elder

D. Galen

D. Galen

The most challenging idea on Ptolemy's geocentric model was:

A. Epicycle

B. Deferent

C. Eccentrics

D. Equant

A. Epicycle