Biomolecule Review: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

Flashcards covering the main biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) including their elements, monomers, functions, examples, and related notes from the lecture.

What elements make up carbohydrates?

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (CH2O).

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

Provides quick energy for the body.

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose).

Name molecule types commonly associated with carbohydrates.

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides (e.g., glucose, sucrose, starch).

What elements are listed for lipids in the notes?

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

What is the function of lipids according to the notes?

Long-term energy storage (and roles in membranes and insulation).

monomers of lipids

Fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids.

Give food examples of lipids.

Butter, avocado, nuts.

What elements make up proteins?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen (CHON).

What is the general function of proteins?

The Production of Enzymes, hormones, structural components, and other cellular functions.

What is the monomer of proteins?

Amino acids.

Examples of protein molecules or components mentioned.

Glycine, collagen, enzymes, hormones.

What foods are typical protein sources?

Meat, eggs, dairy.

What is regarded as the information center of the cell?

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).

What elements make up nucleic acids?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus (CHONP).

What nucleic acid molecules are cited in the notes?

DNA, RNA

What is the role of DNA according to the notes on food?

DNA is present in anything that was once alive.

What is the monomer of lipids?

Fatty acids (and glycerol in triglycerides).

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Nucleotides.

What are common carbohydrate food examples?

Bread, rice/pasta, fruits.