Microbiology Pre-Lab #4 (9/20/26)

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Last updated 8:39 PM on 9/22/26
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28 Terms

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Prokaryotes live in habitats ranging from
-10*C to more than 110*C
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Cardinal temperatures
minimum, maximum, and optimum temperature for an organism
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Psychrophiles grow ___ ___ and optimal is ___
grow below 20*C and optimal is 15*C
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Psychotroph grow from and optimal is
0-35 and optimal is 20-30
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Mesophiles grow best at
15-45*C
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Thermophiles grow best at
above 40*C
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Extra thermophiles grow best at
above 80*C
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As hydrogen ions increase, the pH what?
decreases
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Normal blood pH?
7.35-7.45
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Most microbes grow best at pH
6.5-8.5
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Acidophiles are microorganisms that grow well in
pH 1 (or less) to pH 5
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Neutralophiles are microorganisms that prefer
5-8 pH
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Alkaliphiles are microorganisms that live in
9-11 pH
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Stomach pH
1.5-3.5
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Helicobacter pylori is a neutralophilic (5-8 pH) pathogen but is able to shortly survive in stomach acid (1.5-3.5) because
it uses temporary protections against stomach acid
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Taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for preventing ___, is associated with ____ to certain gastrointestinal pathogens
acid reflux, increased susceptibility
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Plasmolysis is the
shrinking of cell membrane
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Halophiles grow optimally in
NaCl concentrations of 3% or higher
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Extreme halophiles are organisms w/ specialized cell membranes and enzymes that require
salt concentrations from around 15%-25%
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Osmotolerant tolerates
salt (aka can grow with or without high solute concentrations)
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Most bacteria live where NaCl (salt) concentrations are
less than 3%
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UV-A ranges from

UV-B ranges from

UV-C ranges from

315-400 nm

280-315 nm

100-280 nm

<p>315-400 nm</p><p>280-315 nm</p><p>100-280 nm</p>
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UV-C results in ___ after bacterial exposure for more than a few minutes?
irreparable DNA damage and cell death
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UV light is considered a ___ microbial control measure
physical
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Free-floating bacteria aka ___ are bacteria that ___
planktonic, live float in a water or liquid broth
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Reversible attachment
stage of biofilm when cells attach to a surface but are still able to detach
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Quorum sensing =
bacteria communicating with each other using chemical signals
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Final stage of biofilm formation & involves cells what?
dispersion, involves cells breaking off from the mature biofilm growth and moving to another location to start a new biofilm