BGSU Phonics Proficiency: graphemes

4 sounds for

/ă/ apple, /ā/ ape, /ŏ/ water, /ə/ alarm

3 sounds for

/ĕ/ edge, /ē/ eject, /ə/ happen

5 sounds for

/ĭ/ itchy, /ī/ ice, /ē/ taxi, /ə/ family, /y/ onion

6 sounds for

/ŏ/ octopus, /ō/ go, /ô/ dog, /ŭ/ love, /ōō/ to, /ə/ computer

5 sounds for

/ŭ/ up, /yū/ music, /ōō/ flute, /ə/ circus, /w/ guava

b

/b/ boy, hobby

2 sounds for

/k/ cat, /s/ cent, city, cycle

d

/d/ dog, puddle, /j/ educate

f

/f/ fish, huff

3 sounds for

/g/ goat, /j/ gentle, giant, gym, /zh/ garage

h

/h/ hat

j

/j/ jam

k

/k/ kite

l

/l/ lamp, bell

m

/m/ man, hammer

n

/n/ nut, sunny

p

/p/ pan, happy

2 sounds for qu

/kw/ queen, /k/ cheque

r

/r/ rat

3 sounds for

/s/ sock, /z/ nose, /zh/ treasure

t

/t/ top, little

v

/v/ van

w

/w/ wind

3 sounds for

/ks/ box, /gz/ exam, /z/ xylophone

4 sounds for

/y/ yoyo, /ē/ happy, /ī/ my, /ĭ/ gym

z

/z/ zebra, buzz

2 sounds for

/ch/ cheese, /k/ Christmas

ck

/k/ back (used after a short vowel)

ph

/f/ phone

sh

/sh/ ship

tch

/ch/ witch (used after a short vowel)

dge

/j/ edge (used after a short vowel)

gh

/f/ laugh

2 sounds for

/TH/ this, /th/ thumb

wh

/hw/ whistle

ng

/ng/ ring, rink

ci

/sh/ judicial

tu

/ch/ statue

3 sounds for

/əd/ wanted, /d/ sailed, /t/ jumped

3 sounds for

/shən/ mission, /zhən/ vision, /chən/ expansion

2 sounds for

/shən/ nation, /chən/ attention

cian

/shən/ physician

2 sounds for

/chûr/ capture, /shûr/ nature

2 sounds for

/shûr/ ensure, /zhûr/ measure

ai

/ā/ sail (beginning or middle of a syllable)

al

/ô/ calm

ay

/ā/ play (at the end of a syllable)

au

/ô/ fault

augh

/ô/ daughter

aw

/ô/ draw

3 sounds for

/ē/ eat, /ĕ/ bread, /ā/ steak

ee

/ē/ feed

2 sounds for

/ē/ ceiling, /ā/ vein

eigh

/ā/ eight

2 sounds for

/yū/ pew, /ōō/ grew

2 sounds for

/ē/ valley, /ā/ they

2 sounds for

/ē/ field, /ī/ pie

igh

/ī/ light

oa

/ō/ boat

oe

/ō/ toe

oi

/oi/ boil (beginning or middle of a syllable)

oy

/oi/ boy, (end of a syllable)

2 sounds for

/ōō/ boot, /ŏŏ/ foot

3 sounds for

/ou/ mouse, /ŭ/ cousins, /ōō/ soup

ough

/ô/ bought

2 sounds for

/ō/ snow, /ou/ plow

2 sounds for

/yū/ rescue, /ōō/ blue

ui

/ōō/ fruit

2 sounds for

/är/ car, /or/ war (after a )

2 sounds for

/ûr/ her, /âr/ sheriff

2 sounds for

/or/ for, /ûr/ work (after a ), doctor (as a suffix)

ir

/ûr/ bird

ur

/ûr/ hurt

2 sounds for

/ēr/ here, /âr/ where

3 sounds for

/ēr/ hear, /ûr/ heard, /âr/ bear