Fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones were a game changing drug that essentially replaced ________

Aminoglycocides

Fluoroquinolones are the only Oral Antibiotic that are effective against _______

Psuedomonas

What is the MOA of Fluoroquinolones?

They bind to DNA Gyrase (Topoisomerase II) and prevent DNA from resealing → Misformed DNA

How does the concentration of Fluoroquinolone administered affect its MOA/effectiveness?

1. Low concentrations will only bind in 1 site to Topoisomerase II → Less effective

2. Ideal concentration binds to both sites

3. Too high of a concentration → Inhibition of RNA/protein synthesis→ dec in Autolysin production (required to kill bacteria)

Fluoroquinolones are a ______ ____ antibiotic

Broad Spectrum

Which is the range of bacteria that Fluoroquinolones affect?

• Mostly Gram -ves

• Some Gram +ves

  • Staph. spp

T/F: Newer Fluoroquinolones are effective against MRSP/MRSA

True

T/F: Fluoroquinolones are effective against Anaerobes

False

Fluoroquinolones have a 2nd and 3nd generation, give an example from each

• 2nd

  • Enrofloxacin

  • Marbofloxacin

• 3rd

  • Pradofloxacin

What is the difference between Fluoroquinolones?

• 3rd gen Fluoroquinolones are better against gram +ve than 2nd gen

  • Essentially they are more broad spectrum

• They are also only used when a C/S panel indicates it

What are the 4 main Adverse Reactions associated with Fluoroquinolone use?

1. GI Issues

2. DON’T USE IN PUPPIES/FOALS

   1. Arthropathy (Teratogenic)

3. Cat Blindness

   1. Caused by Enrofloxacin

4. Predisposes to Strep. Canis-associated necrotizing fasciitis (TSS)

Fluoroquinolones are effective against Gram _ve bacteria and _____

• Gram -ve

• Staph. (MRSA/MRSP)

What disease are Fluoroquinolones used to treat in small aninmals?

• Respiratory

• UTIs

Both caused

Extra-label use of Fluoroquinolones is banned in which branch of vet med?

Extra-label Fluoroquinolone use is banned in Food animal

Which Fluoroquinolone is used in cattle, and what is it used for?

• Enrofloxacin

  • Pneumonia

T/F: 2nd generation Fluoroquinolones requires a C/S before use

False, 3rd generation requires that

Fluoroquinolones are processed by ________, meaning they should be only given to patients with a healthy _____

• CYP-P450

• Liver