MTAP: Blood donation & Blood component preparation (overview)

Donor Registration

Donation process requiring full name, age, date of birth, address, gender, contact number; date and time of last donation.

Donor History Questionnaire

A set of questions on the medical history, medications & vaccinations, history of blood donation, transfusion, & transplantation, exposure to source of blood-borne pathogens, and place of travel/residence outside the country.

Temporary Deferral

Potential donor is unable to donate for a specified, limited time period.

Indefinite Deferral

Potential donor is unable to donate for an unspecified amount of time.

Permanent Deferral

Potential donor will never be eligible to donate blood for someone else.

Indefinite/Permanent Deferral

Potential donors are allowed for autologous donation, not for allogeneic.

Alcohol Intake

Deferral of 12-24 hours

Anti-Fungal Drugs

Deferral of 5 days

Hepatitis B Vaccine

Deferral of 1 week

Polio, Mumps, Rubeola Vaccine

Deferral of 2 weeks

Rubella & Chicken Pox Vaccine

Deferral of 4 weeks

Rabies Vaccine (after bite)

Deferral of 12 months/1 year

Polio, Mumps, Rubeola Infection

Deferral of 6 weeks from recovery

Rubella Infection

Deferral of 8 weeks

Chicken Pox Infection

Deferral of 4 weeks after recovery

Hepatitis A Infection

Deferral of 6 months after LFTs are normal

Tuberculosis Infection

Deferral of 2 years after complete recovery

Malaria Infection

Deferral of 3 years after treatment

12 Months

Duration of deferral for those who had blood/transplant, close contact with Hepa B patients, sexual contact with high-risk groups, have Syphilis & Gonorrhea history, piercing, tattoo, and needle stick injury.

8 Weeks (56 days)

Deferral time for history of allogenic whole blood donation

12 weeks

Standard PH deferral time for history of whole blood donation

48 hours

Deferral time for history apheresis, prior to whole blood donation

4 weeks

Deferral time for history of plasma apheresis

16 weeks

Deferral time for history of double red cell unit apheresis

Informed Consent

Permission granted in the knowledge of the procedure and risks during and after blood donation; requires donor signature

50 kg (110 lbs)

Ideal weight of blood donor

No visible symptoms

Ideal general appearance of blood donor

99.5 degrees Fahrenheit

Ideal temperature (in Fahrenheit) of blood donor; </= 37.5 degrees Celsius

50-100 bpm

Ideal pulse rate for blood donor (non-athlete)

</= 180 mmHg

Ideal systolic blood pressure for blood donor

</= 100 mmHg

Ideal diastolic blood pressure for blood donor

<50 bpm

Ideal pulse rate for blood donor (athlete)

>/= 12.5 g/dL

Ideal hemoglobin level for allogeneic blood donation

>/= 11 g/dL

Ideal hemoglobin level for autologous blood donation

>/= 38%

Ideal hematocrit level for allogeneic blood donation

>/= 33%

Ideal hematocrit level for autologous blood donation

Antecubital Fossa

Ideal vein location

Povidone Iodine & Alcohol

Standard antiseptic used for cleansing site

Chlrohexidine gluconate & Alcohol

Antiseptic of choice for those allergic to povidone iodine

30 seconds

Duration of cleansing the puncture site

Concentric spiral

Motion of cleansing puncture site

Sterile, closed system

Ideal blood collection unit

16-18

Ideal needle gauge for blood donotion

Anticoagulant preservative & 450 mL

Contents of blood bag

Sodium citrate

ACG component that chelates calcium

Phosphate buffer

ACG component that prevents pH decrease

Dextrose

ACG component that supports RBC life; sugar - glucose

Adenine

ACG component used for ATP synthesis; improves RBC survival

Additive solution

ACG component that extends RBC shelf-life; storage up to 42 days

Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine (CPDA-1)

ACG preservative that offers shelf-life of 35 days

21 days

Shelf-life of ACD, CPD, CP2D

HIV

The Lentivirus (retrovirus) screened in a donated blood unit

Hepatitis C

The Flavivirus screened in a donated blood unit

Hepatitis B

The Hepadnavirus screened in a donated blood unit

Syphilis

The bacterial infection screened in a donated blood unit

Malaria

The parasitic infection screened in a donated blood unit

Confirmatory tests for TTIs

Purpose of EIA, ChLIA, NAT, RPR/VDRL-Syphilis

Antibody Screening

Procedure that detects unexpected clinically significant alloantibodies against the RBC antigens of recipient

Swing Bucket Centrifuge

The equipment used to prepare specific blood components from whole blood; applies light or heavy spin

Light spin

Centrifuge speed for packed red cells

Heavy spin

Centrifuge speed used to separate platelets from plasma

Leukocyte-poor red cells

Type of red cells that underwent leukocyte reduction with the use of special filters

Washed red cells

Type of red cells that were treated with saline and other types of washing agents

Frozen red cells

Type of red cells that are stored for longer periods

Irradiated red cells

Type of red cells that are treated with gamma irradiation

25 Gy

Middle unit of gamma irradiation for red cells

15 Gy

Lower unit of gamma irradiation for red cells

Cesium-137 & Cobalt-60

The two primary irradiating agents for gamma irradiation of red cells

Platelet concentrate

Blood component given to patients who require platelets only

Fresh frozen plasma

A frozen blood component prepared from plasma

Cryoprecipitate

A blood component prepared from FFP

8

Plasma should be frozen within (?) hours after blood collection to prepare FFP

1-6 degrees Celsius

FFP is thawed at what temperature

14-16 hours

FFP is thawed for how long to prepare cryoprecipitate

Heavy spin at 4 degrees Celsius

Thawed plasma is spun at what speed and temperature to prepare cryoprecipitate?

Shelf life

Refers to the amount of time that the blood product will remain viable and safe to use