AP HUG Unit 4 Vocab UNCLOS (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea), etc. (Part 2),

Territorial Sea

12 nautical miles from the coastline, complete sovereignty over the water and airspace

Contiguous Zone

24 nautical miles from shore (some national laws, least important)

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

200 nautical miles from the coast (over which a state has special rights as to the exploration and use of marine resources)

High Seas

water beyond the EEZ is open to all states

antecedent boundary

a boundary line established before an area is populated

autonomous region

areas within states that have high degree of self government and freedom

centralized governance

a single governing body having direct control over all components

centrifugal forces

force that divides people and countries

centripetal forces

force that unite people and countries

choke points

strategic narrow routes providing passage through another region

colonialism

attempt by one country to establish settlements and impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory

consequent boundaries

boundary that coincides with a particular cultural divide (such as religion, language, or ethnicity); a.k.a. cultural boundaries

cultural cohesion

Cultural unity; occurs when the members of a society are culturally united

delimited boundary

a line drawn on a map to show the limits of a space

demilitarized zones

area from which military forces are prohibited

democratization

the spread of representative government to more countries and the process of making governments more representative

devolution

transfer of political power from the central government to subnational levels of government

equitable infrastructure development

opposite of uneven development

ethnic cleansing

the mass expulsion or killing of members of an unwanted ethnic or religious group in a society

ethnic separatism

when an ethnic group desires to separate from the larger group

ethnonationalism

a form of nationalism in which the "nation" is defined in terms of ethnicity

federal states

states whose power is divided between the central state and regional or local authorities