Unit 12 Properties of Aqueous Solutions

Flashcards focusing on key vocabulary and concepts related to aqueous solutions.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture that can be solid, liquid, or gas.

Solvent

The substance present in the largest amount in a solution, e.g., water in sugar water.

Solute

The substance dissolved in the solvent, e.g., sugar in sugar water.

Aqueous solution

Any solution where water is the solvent.

Solubility

The ability of something to dissolve in a given solvent.

Highly soluble

A term describing a solute that can dissolve in a large quantity of solvent.

Insoluble

A term describing a solute that cannot dissolve in a given quantity of solvent.

Boiling point elevation

The result of solute lowering the vapor pressure, requiring higher temperatures to reach atmospheric pressure.

Freezing point depression

The interference of solute with crystallization during freezing, leading to lower temperatures required for freezing.

Concentration

A measure of how much solute is dissolved in a solvent.

Concentrated solution

A solution with a large amount of solute relative to the volume of the solvent.

Dilute solution

A solution with a small amount of solute relative to the volume of the solvent.

Saturated solution

A solution that has dissolved all it can at a given temperature.

Unsaturated solution

A solution that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Supersaturated solution

A solution that contains more solute than it should at a certain temperature.

Solubility Trends

Solids are generally more soluble at higher temperatures, while gases are typically more soluble at lower temperatures.