Animal Anatomy: Reproductive System

What are the two main functions of the ovaries?

The two main functions of the ovaries are to develop the ova and produce hormone.

Name the animal that has bean-shaped ovaries with an indentation called ovulation fossa.

horses

What is the importance of the ovulation fossa present on the ovary of a mare?

ovulation can only occur within the ovulation fossa on the ovary of a mare

List the different developmental stages of follicles and other structures located in the cortex part of ovary.

primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles; the corpus hemorrhagicum, corpus luteum, and corpus albicans are located in the cortex part of ovary

What is the other name for a mature ovarian follicle?

Graafian follicle

What is main difference between uniparous and multiparous animals?

Uniparous animals can only have one offspring at a time while multiparous animals can have several offspring

List the animals that are uniparous and list the animals that are multiparous.

cows and horses are uniparous while cats, dogs, and pigs are multiparous

What is the corpus hemorrhagicum?

a ruptured mature follicle

What is the corpus luteum?

previous ruptured follicle formed after hormones alter the cells of the corpus hemorrhagicum

What is the fate of the corpus luteum after the fertilization of an ovum (conception)?

remains in the ovary after fertilization

What are the main functions of the uterine tubes or fallopian tubes?

transport of the ova and fertilization of the ova

Where does the fertilization of ovum occur in reproductive tract?

in the oviduct

Name the three subdivisions of the uterus in animals.

uterine body, uterine, horns, and cervix

Which animal has long, wavy uterine horns?

pigs

Name the three layers of the uterine wall.

endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium

Which layer of the uterus contains endometrial glands that provide nutrition to developing embryo?

endometrium

Name the two events when os cervix remain open and expose the uterus to infections.

estrus and partuition

What type of epithelium makes the lining of vaginal mucosa?

stratified squamous epithelium

What is the clinical importance of the external urethral orifice?

passing a urinary catheter to the bladder

Swelling and redness of vulvar lips indicate what stages of estrus cycle in some animals?

ovulation