PSYC 314 Midterm 1 Cue Card Assignment Sample Responses

What research question did Simons and Chabris investigate in their 1999 study?

They investigated how the content of a visual scene affects our perceptions.

What was the hypothesis of the Simons and Chabris (1999) study?

The content of a visual scene directly influences inattentional blindness.

In the Simons and Chabris study, what tasks were participants instructed to perform?

Participants were instructed to count the number of total passes (easy) or distinguish between bounce vs. chest passes (hard) from a certain team.

What unexpected targets were participants asked to report seeing in the Simons and Chabris study?

The unexpected target figures were an umbrella woman or a gorilla.

What were the results of Simons and Chabris regarding inattentional blindness?

Participants were unlikely to see the unexpected target, with lower likelihood in the hard task group and transparent condition.

In Mevel et al. (2013), what was the main hypothesis regarding age?

Age-related changes in DMN connectivity would be associated with age-related changes in inner experience and cognitive performance.

What did participants do in the Mevel et al. (2013) study to activate the default mode network?

Participants laid in an fMRI machine and were asked to relax.

What significant findings were reported from the Mevel et al. (2013) study?

Age affected cognitive abilities but not inner experience, with age-related decreases in DMN connectivity correlating with cognitive abilities.

What was the hypothesis for Shore & Klein's Experiment 1?

Scene inversion will increase change blindness.

What was a key finding in the results of Shore & Klein's Experiment 1?

Participants were less likely to notice differences in inverted scenes compared to upright ones.

What did Meyer and Schvaneveldt (1971) examine in their study?

They examined how prior information influences the processing of new information.

What was the hypothesis for Meyer and Schvaneveldt's Experiment 1?

Participants will respond faster to word targets that are semantically related to the primed word.

What method did Meyer and Schvaneveldt use in Experiment 1 to gather data?

Participants viewed prime-target word pairs and responded based on whether both stimuli were words.

What was the observation regarding RTs in Meyer and Schvaneveldt's Experiment 1?

Faster response times and fewer errors were observed for semantically-related targets compared to unrelated and nonwords.

In Simons and Levin's 1998 study, what was observed in the first experiment regarding participants' ability to detect changes?

Only about 47% of participants detected the change when a confederate was replaced by another person.

How did group perception affect the results in Simons and Levin's second experiment?

When the confederates were identified as an out-group, only about 33% detected the change.

What does the term 'change blindness' refer to based on the studies discussed?

The phenomenon where individuals fail to notice changes in their visual environment.