transcription steps

prokaryotic initiation

Promoter recognition: Core RNA pol and sigma factor will bind to the promoter

promoter recognition

The binding of RNA pol to the promoter determines which parts of the DNA template are to be transcribed, and how often → important in determining the frequency of transcription for a particular gene.

initiation steps

1.) promoter recognition 2.) formation of transcription bubble 3.) creation of the first bonds between rNTPs 4.) escape of the transcription apparatus from the promoter

three major components of transcription

DNA template, the raw materials (ribonucleotide triphosphates) needed to build a new RNA molecule, and the transcription apparatus, consisting of the proteins necessary for catalyzing the synthesis of RNA

prokaryotic initiation

Important tools: template (promoter sequence), polymerase complex (sigma factor and RNA polymerase)

elongation

Addition of new nucleotides to the 3’ end of the RNA transcript

rho-dependent and independent terminators

prokaryotic

eukaryotic initiation

basal transcription apparatus