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47 Terms
Pericardium
Surrounds and protects the heart.
Anchors the heart to the diaphragm.
What is this and its function?
Pericardium
Surrounds and protects the heart.
Anchors the heart to the diaphragm.
What is this?
Fibrous pericardium
What is this?
Parietal layer of the serous pericardium
What is this?
Pericardial fluid (in the pericardial cavity)
What is this?
Visceral layer of the serous pericardium
What is this?
Myocardium (heart muscle)
What is this?
Right auricle of the heart
What is this?
Left auricle of the heart
What is this?
Endocardium
What is this?
Myocardium
What is this?
Epicardium (visceral layer)
What is this?
Fibrous epicardium
What is this?
Right atrium
What is this?
Right ventricle
What is this?
Interventricular septum
What is this?
Left atrium
What is this?
Left ventricle
Which ventricle’s wall is thicker than the other
Left ventricle
What is this?
Pulmonary trunk
What is this?
Aorta
What is this?
Pulmonary arteries
What is this?
Pulmonary veins
What is this?
Superior vena cava
What is this?
Inferior vena cava
Describe the system
Deoxygenated blood:
Body → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary trunk → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs (for gas exchange)
Oxygenated blood:
Lungs → Pulmonary veins → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Aorta → Body tissues (for gas exchange)
What structures ensure that the blood flows through the heart chambers in a one-way fashion??
The valves
What is A?
Tricuspid
What is B?
Bicuspid (mitral)
What is C?
Pulmonary valve
What is D?
Aortic valve
What are the Tricuspid and Bicuspid (mitral) valves collectively known as?
Atrioventricular valves
What are the Aortic and Pulmonary valves collectively known as?
Semilunar valves
What is this and its function?
Chordae tendineae
Connects the cusps of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves to the papillary muscles.
What is this and its function?
Papillary muscles
Anchor the tricuspid and bicuspid valves to the ventricular walls of the heart.
How do the Chordae tendineae and Papillary muscles work together?
The valve cusps upward until their edges meet and close the opening. At the same time, the papillary muscles contract, pulling on and tightening the chordae tendineae. This prevents the valve cusps from everting (prolapsing into the atria) in response to the high ventricular pressure.
What is this and its function?
Trabeculae carneae
Help regulate blood flow patterns and turbulence within the ventricles, especially during ventricular filling.
What is this and its function?
Fossa Ovalis
Allows blood flow from the right atrium to the left bypassing the lungs
Shortly after birth, the foramen ovale normally closes and leaves a small depressed area on the atrial wall/septum called the fossa ovalis
What is this?
Pulmonary fibrous ring
What is this?
Conus tendon
What is this?
Aortic fibrous ring
What is this?
Left fibrous trigone
What is this?
Right fibrous trigone
What is this?
Left atrioventricular fibrous ring
What is this?
Right atrioventricular fibrous ring
What are all of these called collectively? What is its function?
Fibrous skeleton
Not real bone tissue.
Functions:
• Provide attachment points for cardiac muscle;
• Form a structural foundation for the heart valves;
• Prevent overstretching of the valves as blood passes through them;
• Insulate electrical signal propagation btw atria and ventricles;