Bonding Unit Chem

Geometry shape?

Linear

General formula?

AX2

Geometric shape?

trigonal planar

General formula?

AX3

Geometric shape?

Tetrahedral

General formula?

AX4

Geometric shape?

Trigonal pyramidal

General formula?

AX3E

Geometric shape?

Linear bent / angular

General formula?

AX2E2

What is electronegativity?

The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond

Where is the highest EN on the periodic table?

up and right

Where is the lowest EN on the periodic table?

down and left

Do noble gases have EM?

No

Do noble gases have any bonding electrons?

No

metal atoms ____ electrons

lose

nonmetal atoms _____ electrons

gain

if EN difference is 1.7 or more the bond formed is likely to be ____

ionic

if the EN difference is less than 1.4 the bond formed is likely to be ______

covalent

If the EN difference is between 1.4 and 1.7, the bond will likely be _____ if one of the atoms has an EN of less than 2

ionic

what kind of formula is this?

Lewis

what kind of formula is this?

structural

what kind of formula is this?

stereochemical

If the difference in EN is 0.0 - 0.2 the bond is ____

Non polar covalent

If the difference in EN is over 2.0 the bond is ____

ionic

Can polar compounds dissolve in non-polar compounds?

No

What forces determine physical properties?

Intermolecular forces

What intermolecular force does every single molecule/compound have?

London Dispersion Forces

What creates LD?

When electrons in one molecule attract the nuclei (protons) in another

The larger the atom/molecule the _____ the LD force

Larger

What is the weakest intermolecular force?

LD

The more compact/linear (less branches) a molecule is the ______ the LD force

greater

Dipole Dipole forces occur between _________ only

polar molecules

What causes Dipole-Dipole forces?

The positive end of one molecule being attracted to the negative end of a different molecule

What is the strongest intermolecular force?

Hydrogen bonding

Hydrogen bonds only happen between hydrogen and ____ or ____ or _____

NOF (Nitrogen, Oxygen, Florine)

Why do hydrogen bonds only occur with NOF?

They have high electronegativity

What are intramolecular bonds?

covalent and Ionic bonds

Hydrogen bonds are ____ than covalent bonds

weaker

List the 5 kinds of bonds (Intra and Inter) from highest strength to lowest strength

Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen Bond, Dipole-Dipole, London Dispersion

Are resonance structures the same as isomers?

No

Why do electrons move in resonance?

They move around to make the electron more stable

Name 3 important resonance molecules

NO3 (Nitrate), O3 (Ozone), C6H6 (Benzene)

What does cyclo mean?

The resonance structure will have a ring formation (eg. Benzene)

What is another name for Benzene?

Cyclobenzene or Benzene ring