Review of English Language, Science, and Math Concepts

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and examples related to nouns, pronouns, verbs, the muscular and skeletal systems, cellular processes, chemistry, earthquakes, basic math operations, and algebra.

What is a noun?

A word that names something such as a person, place, thing, or idea.

What is a common noun?

A noun that refers to people or things in general, e.g., boy, country.

What is a proper noun?

A name that identifies a particular person, place, or thing, e.g., Steven, Africa.

How do you identify a proper noun in written English?

Proper nouns begin with capital letters.

What is a concrete noun?

A noun that refers to things that can be seen, touched, smelled, heard, or tasted.

Can you give an example of a concrete noun?

Dog, Building, Coffee, Tree.

What is an abstract noun?

A noun that refers to ideas, qualities, and conditions that cannot be seen or touched.

Provide examples of abstract nouns.

Truth, happiness, friendship, danger.

What are collective nouns?

Nouns that refer to groups of people or things, e.g., family, team.

How are collective nouns treated in American English?

Most collective nouns are treated as singular with a singular verb.

What is a count noun?

A noun that can be counted.

What is a mass noun?

A noun that is uncountable and does not regularly have a plural form.

What is a pronoun?

A type of word that replaces a noun.

Name examples of personal pronouns.

I, we, you, he, she, it, and they.

What are demonstrative pronouns?

Pronouns that refer to specific items, such as this, these, that, and those.

What are relative pronouns?

Words such as who, which, and that.

What are indefinite pronouns?

Words that refer to non-specific items, such as each, all, everyone.

What are interrogative pronouns?

Words used to ask questions, like who, which, and what.

What is a verb?

A word that shows an action, occurrence, or state of being.

What is a transitive verb?

A verb that requires an object to receive its action.

Give an example of a transitive verb.

Miriam borrowed the methodology book.

What is an intransitive verb?

A verb that does not require an object and can stand alone.

Provide an example of an intransitive verb.

He walks.

What are synonyms?

Words that mean exactly or nearly the same as another word.

What are antonyms?

Words that have opposite meanings.

What is the muscular system?

A system composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers that allow movement.

What are the 5 major parts of the muscular system?

Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, actin, irritability, brain, and spinal cord.

What are the 3 main types of muscle tissue?

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.

What function does the skeletal system serve?

It supports the body, gives shape, produces blood cells, provides organ protection, and stores minerals.

How many bones does a newborn have?

270 bones.

How many bones does an adult have?

206 bones.

What are the main parts of the skeletal system?

Skull, vertebral column, collarbone, shoulder blades, rib cage, pelvic girdle.

What are the 4 main connective tissues?

Bones, ligaments, tendons, and joints.

What is the axial skeleton?

The central core unit consisting of the skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum.

What is the appendicular skeleton?

It comprises the bones of the extremities.

What is osteoarthritis?

The most common type of joint disease, worsens with age.

Name a type of joint disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis, spondylarthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, lupus, gout, bursitis.

What is miosis?

Excessive constriction of the pupil in the eye.

What is meiosis?

A process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original genetic information.

What is mitosis?

The division of body cells that replicates chromosomes and produces two identical nuclei.

List the steps of mitosis.

Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis.

Define a compound chemical.

A substance composed of many identical molecules from more than one element.

What causes an earthquake?

When two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another.

What is the fault plane in an earthquake?

The surface where the blocks slip past one another.

What are the types of earthquakes?

Tectonic, volcanic, collapse, explosion.

What is the least common denominator (LCD)?

The smallest number that can be a common denominator for a set of fractions.

What is a fraction in mathematics?

A number expressed as a quotient, with a numerator divided by a denominator.

What are the 3 major types of fractions?

Proper fractions, improper fractions, mixed fractions.

What is algebra?

A branch of mathematics dealing with symbols and rules for manipulating those symbols.

What are the laws of algebra?

Commutative, associative, distributive.

What is an isosceles triangle?

A triangle with two angles of the same size.

What is a right-angled triangle?

A triangle that has one angle measuring 90 degrees.

What do you do to find the angle of a triangle?

Subtract the two known angles from 180 degrees.

Name the 6 types of angles.

Acute angle, obtuse angle, right angle, straight angle, reflex angle, full rotation.

Main Parts of the Skeletal System

Adulthood – 206 Bones

Main Parts of the Skeletal System

• Skull

• Vertebral Column

• Collarbone

• Shoulder Blades

• Rib Cage

• Pelvic Girdle

• Bones of the Hands, Arms, Feet, and Legs

5 Major Parts of the Muscular System

Skeletal Muscles

• Smooth Muscles

• Actin

• Irritability

• Brain and Spinal Cord

Number of Bones

Birth – 270 Bones