Injuries + Radiology

sprains

stretching/tearing a ligament

occurs when a joint is forced into an abdominal position

Grade I

ligaments stretched or slightly torn

Grade II

ligaments partially torn

Grade III

ligaments completely torn

dislocations

caused when a bone is completely dislocated from its joint

fracture

a broken bone, it will heal whether or not a physician resets it in its anatomical position

bone repair 1

blood begins to clot after 6-8 hrs to form a hematoma

hematoma

the disruption of blood flow causes the bone cells to die

Bone repair 2

after about 48 hours, chondrocytes from the endosteum begin to create internal callus around the fracture

bone repair 3

over the next several weeks, the area ossifies and the swelling goes down o

osteoblasts

rebuild

osteoclasts

break down excess

radiology

using imaging technology to diagnose and treat disease

Xrays

scan bones, joints, lung infections (fast +simple)

CT scans

computerized tomography, more advanced x rays, takes images into various slices and crsos sectional views

MRI

Magnetic resonance waves, for soft- connective tissue

closed nondisplaced

a fracture causing the skin to remain intact, this type of fracture is not externally visible

fractured remains near its anatomical position

comminuted (Fragmented)

a fracture that is evidenced by several breaks in the bone, creating numerous bone fragments

displaced

requires manipulation using surgical procedures such as wires, pins, plates, or screws to restore the normal bone anatomy and bring the bone pieces together

greenstick

a fracture that occurs partly across a bone, commonly caused from a bending or crushing impact

impacted

fracture from a compression of cancellouos bone with two fragments jammed tightly together

oblique

a fracture that occurs at an angle

open (compound)

a fracture that ruptures the skin, thereby exposing bone, it causes significant soft tissues injury and risk of infection

spiral

a fracture that occurs around the axis of a bone, commonly caused by a twisting motion

underdeveloped

bone is not fully ossified and is still mostly cartilage