Nuclear Chemistry
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28 Terms
anti matter
particles that have properties opposite to that of normal matter
Big Bang Theory
the theory which states that the universe began as a single point that expanded and is still expanding
nuclear reaction
a reaction that involves the nucleus of atoms
plasma
superheated matter consisting of ionized gas
redshift
a change in the lights wavelength towards the red end of the visible spectrum
singularity
a small dense region of space containing matter
alpha particle
a particle made of two protons and two neutrons
atomic number
the number of protons in an atom
beta particle
a high energy high speed electron
gamma radiation
high energy electromagnetic waves
half life
the time for half of the sample of radioactive isotopes to decay
ionise
to remove electrons from an atom. or molecule
isotopes
atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
penetrating power
how well radiation from a radioactive material can pass through matter
radioactive tracer
a radioisotope used to track or trace the path of a substance
radioisotope
an isotope that emits radiation
radiopharmaceutical
a drug with a radioisotope attached
radiotherapy
a therapy that uses radiation to kill cancerous cells
chain reaction
a series of reactions in which the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next reaction
control rod
a rod inside a nuclear reactor that absorbs neutrons to control the chain reaction
fission
the splitting of a heavy atom into two lighter ones
fusion
the joining of two lighter atoms two form a heavier one
dosimeter
a device used to measure an absorbed dose of ionizing radiation
ionizing radiation
radiation made up of particles x ray or gamma ray that has enough energy to cause cancer
by product
unwanted or waste product of a process
smog
a form of pollution
sustainable
able to be maintained at certain rate or level
temperature inversion
when a layer of hot air in the atmosphere stops circulation of air away form the earths surface