bacteria & prokaryotes

what are prokaryote

simple single celled organism that lack a nucleus+ other organelles

what is bacteria

single celled prokaryotic microorganisms that

what are eukaryote

organism that has true membrane bound oragnelles + nucleus

what are the three shapes of bacteria

• Cocci (sphere)

• Bacilli (rod)

• Spirilla (spiral)

what is quorum sensing

bacterial communication system where cells release to detect chemical signals to wipe out population

what is a capsule

a dense layer of polysaccharide or protein that surrounds the cell wall of a prokaryotic cell protecting it.

what is gram positive

bacteria with a thick peptidoglycon cell wall that stain blue/ purple under a microscope

what is gram negative

bacteria with thin peptidoglycon cell wall that stain pink under a microscope

what is a peptidoglycon

sugar and amino acid polymer associated with cell wall strength

hat is a plasmid (add pic)

circular piece of dna that replicate on its own

what is binary fission

simple form of asexual reproduction where 1 parent cell duplicates its DNA and then splits into two genetically identical daughter cells

what is transformation

process where cells take up and incorporates new external DNA from its surroundings causing a genetic change (uptake of environmental DNA)

what is conjugation

in prokaryotes, direct transfer of DNA 2 cells that are temporarily joined (horizontal gene transfer)

what is transduction

the process of converting one type of signal/ energy into another (viral gene transfer)

what is archaea

single caller microorganisms different from bacteria and eukaryotes

what is the domain

highest taxonomic level. three catergories bacteria, archea and eukarya