Penny Chpater 4 - Definitons

acetabulum

the bowl. shaped surface of the pelvis where the head of the femur normally rests

achilles tendon

tendon located along the posterior ankle that connects the calf muscle to the posterior surface of the heel

anthrogryposis

a congenitial disorder associated with severe joint contractures

Baker cyst

a synovial cyst located within the popliteal fossa - may also be referred to as a popliteal cyst

barlow test

clinical test for developmental hip dysplasia that is used to evaluate the hip for dislocation

cellulitis

inflammation and infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues

developmental dysplasia of the hip

a congenital anomaly in which the ball of the hip is prohibited from resting appropriately in the natural socket provided for it on the pelvis

galactocele

a milk-filled breast cyst

ganglion cyst

a common cyst found adjacent to a joint or tendon - most often found along the dorsal aspect of the hand, wrist, ankle or foot

gynecomastia

the benign enlargement of the male breast - typically located posterior to the areola

hemangioma

a benign tumor composed of blood vessels

graf technique

a technique used to measure the relationship of the femoral head ad acetabulum by evaluating the alpha and beta angles created by the relationships of these structures

hip joint effusion

build-up of fluid within the the hip secondary to inflammation

ilium (pelvis)

the largest and most superiorly located pelvic bone

lactiferous duct

the ducts of the breast used to transport milk to the nipple

lipoma

a benign, fatty tumor

mastitis

inflammation of breast

meniscus

thin fibrocartilaginous tissue that is located between the surfaces of two joints

natal cleft

area located between the groove of the buttocks

ortolani test

clinical test for developmental hip dysplasia that is used to evaluate thee hip for the reduction or relocation of a dislocated hip

pannus

a hanging flap of tissue

pilonidal cyst

cyst located along the natal cleft that is composed of loose hairs and skin debris

puerperal mastitis

inflammation of the breast that is related to pregnancy

radiolucent

transparent with radiography

refractive shadowing

acoustic shadowing caused by bending of a sound beam at the edge of a curved reflector - may be referred to as edge artifact or edge shadowing

subluxation

partial dislocation of the hip

superficial epidermal cyst

cysts commonly found in the scalp, face, neck, trunk, or back - they can be congenital, the result of trauma or the result of an obstructed hair follicle

tendosynovitis

inflammation of the tendon and synovial tendon sheath

thompson test

clinical test used to evaluate for a complete tear of the achilles tendon