Phys sci FINAL chp 1-8

A measurement of 0.00254 g is the same as

2.54 mg.

The metric prefix that means one million (1,000,000) is

mega-

The standard unit of time in the mks system is the

second

Which has more volume, a liter or a quart?

A liter

Which of the following is not a standard metric unit?

Kilogram

Meter

Second

Gram

Gram

Which of the following is not a fundamental quantity?

Weight

Length

Time

Mass

Weight

What is the mass of 25 cm3 of pure water?

25 g

Which has a larger mass, a liter of water or a liter of mercury (a liquid metal)?

mercury

A standard unit

is used for taking accurate measurements.

When multiplying and/or dividing quantities, you should report

the result rounded to the same number of digits as there are in the quantity with the least number of significant figures.

For the multiplication of 4.4 m times 1.5 m, the result should be reported with how many significant figures?

Two

The metric prefix that means one-hundredth (1/100) is

centi-

The standard unit of time, the second, is now defined with reference to

the cesium-133 atom

Rounding the number 200.601 to three significant figures

gives 201

For the multiplication of 4.769 m times 7.20 m, the result should be reported with how many significant figures?

Three

A scientific law describes

a fundamental relationship of nature.

The speed of light in a vacuum is 300,000,000 m/s. Represented in powers-of-10 notation, this is

3 × 10^7m/s.

Density describes

mass per unit volume

Our senses may obtain less-than-accurate information concerning our physical world because they

can be deceived.

The metric prefix that means one thousand (1000) is

Kilo

For the multiplication of 7.443 m times 8.5 m, the result should be reported with how many significant figures?

Two

In a debate, is the statement "It's only a theory" a valid argument point against a theory (as in "The theory of evolution is wrong because it's only a theory")?

No, theories are strong.

A cubic centimeter of pure water at maximum density has a mass of

1 g

Which has a larger volume, a liter of water or a liter of mercury (a liquid metal)?

Lv: none of these

The standard unit of time is the

second

The meter is presently defined as

the distance light travels in a vacuum in a very short time

The metric prefix that means one tenth (1/10) is

deci

A derived unit

is a combination of units.

In buying a product, a shopper has a choice of the following amounts, all at the same price. Which is the best buy?

432 cc

1 pint

1 half-liter

450 mL

1 half-liter

The word science comes from the Latin word meaning

“knowledge”

Expressed in standard powers-of-10 notation and rounded to four significant figures, the number 0.00023648 is

2.365 × 10^-4

Which of the following quantities expressed in derived units includes the unit of length?

Area

Volume

Speed

Density

Qe: All of these

For the multiplication of 4.212 m divided by 7.60 m, the result should be reported with how many significant figures?

Three

The current definition of a kilogram is the mass of a platinum-iridium cylinder kept in

France

A pint of water (on Earth) is approximately

1 pound

A quantitative observation that is the basis of scientific investigation is a(n)

measurement

The standard unit of length, the meter, is now defined with reference to

the speed of light

A hydrometer is used to measure

liquid density

For the multiplication of 2.817 m divided by 6.3 m, the result should be reported with how many significant figures?

Two

One kilogram is the same as

1000 g

Which statement is incorrect?

A kilogram has an equivalent weight greater than that of a pound.

A kilometer is longer than a mile.

A meter is longer than a yard.

A liter is larger than a quart.

A kilometer is longer than a mile

The standard unit of mass in the mks system is the

kilogram

Historically, which measurement may have been defined as the distance from the royal nose to the thumb of the royal outstretched arm?

1 yard

The most information about our environment comes to us through the sense of

sight

An object's weight would be different on Earth and on the Moon. Which of the following would also be different?

Mass density

Mass

Length

Volume

em: None of these

A method of expressing the accuracy of measured quantities is

significant figures

The metric prefix that means one-thousandth (1/1000) is

milli-

In the SI, m is the symbol for

meter

For the multiplication of 6.3 m divided by 2.8 m, the result should be reported with how many significant figures?

Two

In what year did the United States officially adopt the metric system?

1893

An object travels in a circle of radius 2.0 m with a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. What is the direction of its acceleration?

Toward the center of the circle

An object is dropped from a vertical distance of 25.5 m above the ground, and it takes 2.28 sec to fall that distance. A second identical object to launched from the same height, with a horizontal velocity of 45.9 m/s. How long does the second object take to fall the 25.5 m?

Exactly 2.28 sec

Which of the following statements is not true?

Displacement has a direction and a magnitude.

Acceleration has a magnitude only.

Speed has a magnitude only.

Velocity has a magnitude and a direction.

Acceleration has a magnitude only.

A car is moving down a freeway in a straight line at a constant rate of 32.0 m/s for 3.0 s. Its acceleration is

zero

The magnitude of a displacement is ______________ the magnitude of the distance traveled.

less than or equal to

The magnitudes of two horizontal displacements are 4 m and 9 m, respectively. Given that the vectors may be in either the plus or the minus direction, they cannot be added together to give a total displacement of

4 m

The rate at which an object's velocity changes with time is called its

acceleration

In the equation ac= v2*/r* for centripetal acceleration, the r stands for

radius

The distance traveled by an automobile moving at a constant velocity is

directly proportional to the time.

A freely falling object

has a uniformly increasing velocity.

If the instantaneous velocity of an object is constant, then so is its

velocity

An object in uniform circular motion has

constant speed.

Velocity is similar to speed, but a ________ is also involved in velocity.

direction

A freely falling object has a constant acceleration of 9.8 m/s2. This means that

the object's speed increases by 9.8 m/s each second.

The magnitude of the acceleration of an object moving in a circle at constant speed is

inversely proportional to the radius of the circle.

An automobile's acceleration may be changed by using the

steering wheel.

For which of the following is the acceleration constant?

Nonuniform speed

Free fall

Uniform circular motion

None of these

Free fall

An object with a mass of 5 kg is dropped and takes 9 s to hit the ground. Then another object with a mass of 10 kg is dropped from the same point. How long does it take to hit the ground?

9 s

As a block slides down a 33° frictionless incline, its acceleration

remains constant.

Average speed multiplied by time gives

distance

Motion necessarily involves

a change in position.

A speedometer indicates ______________ if the automobile is traveling forward.

instantaneous speed

An object that is moving in a linear path with an acceleration in the direction of motion has a(n) ______________ velocity.

increasing

The distance traveled by a dropped object in free fall is directly proportional to

the time squared

The straight-line distance and direction between two points are, together, called

displacement

If an object on Earth weighs 100 N, what is its weight in pounds?

22

“Weightlessness” occurs when an object

is in free fall.

What must be exerted on an object to change the angular momentum?

Torque

In the equation A = B/C, the B and C are said to be _______________ proportional.

directly

An automobile travels due north with a speed of 68 km/h and an acceleration of 1.5 m/s2. All forces considered, the unbalanced force acting on the auto is

northward

When a net force on a moving object increases, the object will

exhibit a change in speed and/or direction.

The quantity mvr is an object's

angular momentum.

According to Newton's second law, the force required to accelerate an object is equal to

its mass times the acceleration.

If an object of mass 8 kg has a velocity of 7 m/s, what is its linear momentum?

56 kg-m/s

It is generally easier to push an object once it is moving than when you are getting it started. This is because

sliding friction is less than static friction

If an object of mass 6 kg has an acceleration of 9 m/s2, what is the unbalanced force acting on it?

54 N

To cause an object to move in a circle, a ______________ force is necessary.

centripetal

The variable r that appears in the equation F = Gm1m2/r2 is

the straight-line distance between the centers of the two masses.

On which planet (other than Earth) have air bags been deployed?

Mars

The relationship between mass and weight is given by the equation

w = mg

In the equation A = B/C, the A and B are said to be _______________ proportional.

directly

The constant G that appears in the equation F = Gm1m2/r2 is

equal to 6.67 x 10^-11 Nm2/kg2.

The acceleration of an object acted on by a net force perpendicular to the direction of the object's original motion

causes a change in direction.

is described by Newton's laws.

causes a change in velocity.

Nf: all of these

The angular momentum of a body is constant if the

net torque is zero

______________ principle explains why objects float or sink in a fluid.

Archimedes’

The SI base units making up the newton are

kg m/s^2

The natural tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion with a constant velocity is called

inertia

The variables m1 and m2 that appear in the equation F = Gm1m2/r2 are

the mass of each object.

The linear momentum of a 100.0 kg object moving around a 30.0 m circle at a constant speed of 2.20 m/s is

220 N

The gravitational pull of Earth acting on an object is zero when the object

has zero acceleration.

is in free fall.

is midway between Earth and the Moon.

is in orbit around Earth

gp: none of these