NSG 3100 EXAM 3 GALEN COLLEGE 2025 NEWEST EXAM 2 VERSIONS WITH 400 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+)

Which of the following blood tests requires the patient to be fasting?

a. Hemoglobin

b. Prothrombin time

c. Cholesterol

d. Creatinine

c

The patient tells the nurse that she has been on a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet for the past 6 months. Which blood test results could be influenced by her diet?

a. Bilirubin

b. Creatinine

c. Blood urea nitrogen

d. Creatine kinase

c

The nurse is working at a health fair and providing information about reducing the risk of heart disease. A male asks what his ideal numbers should be for cholesterol and triglycerides. Which of the following are recommended levels for lipid?

a. Total cholesterol: >200 mg/dL

b. HDL: >45 mg/dL

c. LDL: >100 mg/dL

d. Triglycerides: >160 mg/dL

b

The nurse is preparing a patient for a barium swallow test. Which statements by the patient indicate that the patient has understood the nurse's teaching? (Select all that apply.)

a. "The doctor will be able to view my stomach and intestines during the test."

b. "I should increase fluids after the test."

c. "I will have to drink a contrast agent."

d. "Barium can cause constipation and I may need a mild laxative."

e. "I will be NPO for 8 hours after the test."

f. "My stools may turn black for a few days afterward."

a,b,c,d

1. Which laboratory result should immediately be reported by the nurse to the primary care provider (PCP)?

a. Hemoglobin: 15.6

b. Hematocrit: 32%

c. Red blood cells: 5.3

d. White blood cells: 6000

b

A patient has a 24-hour urine specimen ordered for creatinine clearance. Which instruction is correct?

a. "Collect all urine from the time the collection begins until it ends."

b. "Save only a sample from each voiding."

c. "Clean the perineal area three times before you begin to urinate."

d. "Discard the first urine specimen, and then collect all urine until the time period expires."

d

Which specimens should be collected using sterile technique in a sterile container? (Select all that apply.)

a. Clean-catch urine

b. Stool for occult blood

c. Wound drainage

d. Sputum

e. Urine from a Foley catheter

a,c,d,e

Which blood test is used to monitor renal function?

a. Creatine kinase

b. Triglycerides

c. Creatinine

d. Alkaline phosphatase

c

For which patient is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contraindicated?

a. A patient with an allergy to latex

b. A patient with an infection

c. A patient with a pacemaker

d. A patient with a head injury

c

The nurse is caring for a patient after a lumbar puncture to obtain a cerebrospinal fluid specimen. Which are appropriate post procedure interventions? (Select all that apply.)

a. Position the patient with head of bed up at least 90 degrees for 4 hours.

b. Assess the puncture site for drainage or bleeding.

c. Encourage PO fluids.

d. Maintain NPO until the gag reflex returns.

e. Encourage ambulation immediately after the test is complete.

b,c

You are instructing a patient on a sterile urine collection. Which statement would indicate the need for further instruction?

a. "I separate the folds and clean from back to front."

b. "I clean the area three times."

c. "I begin the urine stream and then place the container under the stream midway through."

d. "I make sure there is no stool in the urine specimen."

a

Which of the following colon screening guidelines does the nurse recommend for a 58-year-old patient with no family history of colon cancer?

a. Fecal occult blood testing every 5 years

b. Sigmoidoscopy every 10 years

c. Cystoscopy every 5 years

d. Colonoscopy every 10 years

D

A patient is admitted with advanced liver disease. Which of the following lab results would the nurse expect to see?

a. Albumin 2.6 g/dL

b. Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL

c. Homocysteine 2.4 mg/L

d. Bilirubin 0.7 mg/dL

a

A patient is in the Emergency Department with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction within about the past 3 hours. Which of the following cardiac markers would the nurse expect to be elevated at this point?

a. CK-MB

b. Myoglobin

c. Troponin I

d. TroponinT

b

The nurse has explained a paracentesis to a patient. Which of the following statements would indicate the patient needs more teaching?

a. "I will need to sign a consent form before the procedure."

b. "You will be using a needle to remove fluid from my abdomen."

c. "You will be measuring my abdomen before and after the procedure."

d. "I will be lying on my left side during the procedure."

d

A patient just had a lumbar puncture. Which of the following would the off-shift nurse report during hand-off report to the new nurse?

a. He is to lie flat for at least 4 hours.

b. He should remain NPO for at least 4 hours.

c. Assess for signs of postprocedure hypertension.

d. Hold all sedatives and opioids for at least 4 hours.

a

Which of the following allergies would be problematic for a patient scheduled for computed tomography with contrast?

a. Allergy to penicillin

b. Allergy to shellfish

c. Allergy to peanuts

d. Allergy to latex

b

A patient is being discharged from the hospital with a new ileostomy. The patient expresses concern about caring for the ostomy. Before hospital discharge, it is most important for the nurse to coordinate with which member of the health care team?

a. Home care nurse

b. Wound ostomy continence nurse

c. Registered dietitian

d. Primary care provider

b

The nurse is assigned the care of a patient for whom a cleansing enema has been ordered. What information is most important for the nurse to know before administration of the enema?

a. The proper way to position the patient

b. Signs and symptoms of intolerance to the procedure

c. Vital signs before the procedure

d. History of surgery of the anus or rectum

d

To prevent constipation in an inactive patient, which early interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)

a. Stool softener administration

b. Enema administration

c. Increasing the fiber in the diet

d. Increasing physical activity

e. Increasing fluid intake

a,c,d,e

While performing an abdominal assessment on an unconscious patient, the nurse notes presence of an ostomy. The fecal output is liquid in consistency, with a pungent odor, from the stoma that is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. What type of ostomy does the patient have?

a. Descending colostomy

b. Ureterostomy

c. Ileostomy

d. Ascending colostomy

d

1. The patient states that she has been taking warfarin, an anticoagulant, for several years. The nurse notices several bruised areas on her arms. Which of the following laboratory results is the most clinically significant for this medication?

a. Platelets: 450,000

b. Prothrombin time: 24.2 seconds

c. Activated partial thromboplastin time: 30 seconds

d. Fibrinogen: 350 mg/dL

b

The teaching plan for a patient with diarrhea should include which intervention?

a. Drinking at least eight glasses of fluid each day

b. Eating foods low in sodium and potassium

c. Limiting the amount of soluble fiber in the diet

d. Eliminating whole-wheat and whole-grain breads and cereal

a

The nurse knows that the teaching for a patient who was recently diagnosed with constipation has been effective if the patient's meal request specifies which food choice?

a. Hot dog on a bun

b. Grilled chicken

c. Tuna sandwich on white bread

d. Spinach salad with dressing

d

A 40-year-old patient complains of 4 days of frequent loose stools with abdominal cramping. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

a. Impaired Skin Integrity

b. Fluid Imbalance

c. Acute Pain

d. Self-Care Deficit (i.e., toileting)

b

A patient is scheduled for a colonoscopy. After preprocedure teaching by the nurse, the patient demonstrates understanding when he makes which statement?

a. "I can have coffee the morning of the procedure."

b. "I should drink a red sports drink the day before to stay hydrated."

c. "I should drink clear liquids for 2 days before the procedure."

d. "I will be able to drive home immediately after the procedure."

c

Which nursing intervention is included for a patient experiencing diarrhea?

a. Limiting fluid intake to 1000 mL/day

b. Administering a cathartic suppository

c. Increasing fiber in the diet

d. Limiting exercise

c

When administering a cleansing enema, which techniques should the nurse use? (Select all that apply.)

a. Assist the patient to a left side-lying (Sims) position.

b. Add room-temperature solution to enema bag.

c. Lubricate 2 to 4 cm (1 to 2 inches) of tip of rectal tube with lubricating jelly.

d. Raise container, release clamps, and allow solution to fill tubing before administration.

e. Clamp tubing after solution is instilled

a,d,e

To best determine the patient's competency in changing an ostomy appliance, what does the nurse ask the patient to do?

a. Verbalize the procedure.

b. Identify the supplies needed.

c. Perform the procedure.

d. List the steps in the procedure.

c

A patient with a history of diarrhea is seen in the clinic. Which nursing intervention is most essential to include in this patient's plan of care?

a. Weighing the patient daily

b. Encouraging a diet high in fiber

c. Decreasing the patient's fluid intake

d. Instructing the patient to increase protein in the diet

a

A patient is scheduled for an upper GI series. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain before the procedure?

a. Allergy to shellfish

b. Last bowel movement

c. Time the enema was administered

d. Any difficulty swallowing

d

Which discharge instruction does the nurse provide to the patient following a colonoscopy?

a. Some discomfort and bleeding are normal postprocedure.

b. Return to the emergency room if you experience abdominal cramping.

c. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery for 12 hours postprocedure.

d. Return to your normal bowel pattern immediately postprocedure.

c

Select the most appropriate goal for a patient experiencing diarrhea related to antibiotic use:

a. the patient will return to previous elimination pattern.

b. the patient will increase intake of grains, rice, and cereals.

c. the patient will discontinue antibiotic use.

d. the patient will increase fluid intake.

d

What would be included in teaching for a patient who will be discharged with a prescription for a laxative?

a. Calling the health care provider if nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain occurs

b. Continuing use of laxatives to encourage bowel evacuation

c. Adding regular exercise, sufficient fluids, and regular defecation habits to his/her routine

d. Knowing the difference between laxatives and cathartics

c

The nursing instructor is teaching information about constipation in the elderly. Which statement from the student indicates a need for further instruction on this topic?

a. Patients receiving tube feedings often experience constipation.

b. Poor fluid intake and inability to eat a high-fiber diet often cause constipation.

c. Patients with impaired mobility may experience constipation.

d. Medications commonly taken by elders often contribute to constipation.

a

Prior to discharge, the nurse teaches the patient the proper techniques for applying an ostomy pouch. When evaluating the teaching, the nurse observes the patient apply a new ostomy pouch without cleansing the skin underneath. What actions would the nurse implement following this patient's return demonstration? (Select all that apply.)

a. Repeat the demonstration to show the patient how to clean the ostomy site.

b. Document that the patient performed the initial return demonstration accurately and safely.

c. Offer positive reinforcement regarding the need to cleanse the site to prevent skin breakdown below the appliance.

d. Discharge the patient with written instructions and illustrations that demonstrate the correct procedure.

e. Notify the health care provider that a repeat demonstration of the ostomy appliance procedure is needed.

a,c,d

A patient with an indwelling catheter reports a need to void. What is the priority intervention for the nurse to perform?

a. Check to see if the catheter is patent.

b. Reassure the patient that it is not possible to void while catheterized.

c. Catheterize the patient again with a larger gauge catheter.

d. Notify the primary care provider.

a

Which nursing instruction is correct when a urine specimen is collected for culture and sensitivity testing from a patient without a urinary catheter?

a. Tell the patient to void and pour the urine into a labeled specimen container.

b. Ask the patient to void first into the toilet, stop midstream, and finish voiding into the sterile specimen container.

c. Instruct the patient to discard the first void and collect the next void for the specimen.

d. Have the patient keep all voided urine for 24 hours in a chilled, opaque collection container.

b

A female patient has had frequent urinary tract infections. Which statement by the patient indicates that the nurse's teaching on prevention has been effective?

a. "I will limit my fluid intake to 40 ounces per day."

b. "I will use only organic bath bombs when bathing."

c. "I will wait to wear my tight jeans until after my urine is clear."

d. "I will wipe from the front to back after voiding."

d

A patient is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which piece of data would be most important to know before the procedure is carried out?

a. Urinalysis negative for sugar and acetone

b. History of allergies

c. History of a recent thyroid scan

d. Frequency of urination

b

When emptying a patient's catheter drainage bag, the nurse notes that the urine appears to be discolored. The nurse understands that what factors may change the color of urine? (Select all that apply.)

a. Taking the urinary tract analgesic phenazopyridine

b. A diet that includes a large number of beets or blackberries

c. An enlarged prostate or kidney stones

d. High concentrations of bilirubin secondary to liver disease

e. Increased carbohydrate intake

a,b,c,d

What self-care measure is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for a patient who will be discharged with a urostomy?

a. Change the appliance before going to bed.

b. Cut the wafer 1 inch larger than the stoma.

c. Cleanse the peristomal skin with mild soap and water.

d. Use firm pressure to attach the wafer to the skin.

c

An indwelling catheter is ordered for a postoperative patient who is unable to void. What is the primary concern of the nurse performing the procedure?

a. Teaching deep-breathing techniques

b. Maintaining strict aseptic technique

c. Medicating the patient for pain before the procedure

d. Positioning the patient for comfort during the procedure

b

The nurse is assessing a patient with an indwelling catheter and finds that the catheter is not draining and the patient's bladder is distended. What action should the nurse take next?

a. Notify the primary care provider.

b. Assess the tubing for kinks and ensure downward flow.

c. Change the catheter as soon as possible.

d. Aspirate the stagnant urine in the catheter for culture.

b

The nurse is placing an indwelling catheter in a female patient. The nurse accidentally inserts the catheter into the vagina. What is the next action for the nurse to implement?

a. Collect a urine specimen and notify the primary care provider (PCP).

b. Leave the catheter in place and insert a new catheter into the urethra.

c. Remove the catheter from the vagina and place it into the urethra.

d. Ask another nurse to attempt the catheterization of the patient.

b

Which nursing intervention would be the highest priority when caring for a patient complaining of voiding small amounts of urine in relation to his fluid intake?

a. Placing a disposable waterproof pad on the patient's bed before he goes to sleep.

b. Documenting in the patient's electronic health record that he is complaining of anuria.

c. Notifying the patient's primary care provider (PCP) of the need for intermittent catherization.

d. Palpating the patient's bladder for distention before scanning for possible retention.

d

Which organism is responsible for the majority of urinary tract infections in female patients?

a. Escherichia coli

b. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

c. Candida albicans

d. Haemophilus influenza

a

A patient with a history of kidney stones is experiencing difficulty urinating and laboratory findings indicate the patient is in acute renal failure. What is the probable cause of this condition?

a. Hypovolemia

b. Cardiogenic shock

c. Nephrotoxic substances

d. Urethral obstruction

d

The patient is ordered an ultrasound of the kidneys. The nurse knows that prior to the test the patient will:

a. be required to have a bowel cleansing enema.

b. be checked for any allergies to shellfish.

c. be required to drink a large amount of fluids before the test.

d. have no pretest requirements.

d

Nursing interventions for the patient who suffers from stress incontinence include:

a. Kegel exercises.

b. surgical interventions.

c. bowel retraining.

d. intermittent catheterization.

a

Average urine pH is:

a. 4.

b. 6.

c. 7.

d. 9.

b

The nurse is inserting an indwelling catheter into a male patient. While initially passing the catheter through the urethra, resistance is met. What action would the nurse take next?

a. Withdraw the catheter and obtain a coude catheter.

b. Straighten the penis and attempt to progress the catheter again.

c. Remove the catheter and insert one with a smaller lumen.

d. Inflate the balloon and wait for urine passage.

a

The nurse is teaching a patient about how to take a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. Which statement by the patient best demonstrates understanding of the teaching?

a. "I will take the tablet with plenty of water."

b. "I will place the tablet inside my cheek."

c. "I will put the tablet under my tongue."

d. "I will take the tablet while I am eating."

c

The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient. What are the contraindications for administering medications by the oral route for this type of patient? (Select all that apply.)

a. Vomiting

b. Unconsciousness

c. Diarrhea

d. Penicillin allergy

e. Intubation

a,b,e

The nurse is in a patient room ready to administer a new medication to the patient. Which action best demonstrates awareness of safe, proficient nursing practice?

a. Identify the patient by comparing her name and birth date to the medication administration record (MAR).

b. Determine whether the medication and dose are appropriate for the patient.

c. Make sure the medication is in the medication cart.

d. Check the accuracy of the dose with another nurse.

a

A patient has been using herbal medication as part of her daily routine. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

a. Document the herbs as part of the medication history.

b. Recommend a reputable company from which to buy herbs.

c. Allow the patient to self-administer the herbs with her morning medications.

d. Inform the primary care provider of the findings.

e. Identify possible adverse effects of the herbal medications.

a,d,e

A nurse must give 1 g of Keflex, PO, q 6 hr × 3 days. The supply on hand is 500 mg/capsule. How many capsules should the nurse administer at each dose?

2 capsules

The health care provider prescribes a transdermal medication. The nurse understands what feature of the transdermal route?

a. It is inhaled into the respiratory tract.

b. It is dissolved inside the cheek.

c. It is absorbed through the skin.

d. It is inserted into the vaginal cavity.

c

The nurse is caring for a patient who is unable to hold a cup or spoon. How should the nurse administer oral medications to the patient?

a. Crush the pills and mix them in pudding before administering.

b. Ask the pharmacist to change all of the medications to a liquid form.

c. Use a small paper cup to place the pills into the patient's mouth.

d. Place the pills on the table and have the patient take the pills by hand.

c

What should the nurse do first when preparing to administer medications to a patient?

a. Check the medication expiration date.

b. Check the medication administration record (MAR).

c. Call the pharmacy for administration instructions.

d. Check the patient's name band.

b

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a patient. What is the most appropriate goal for a patient related to medications?

a. The patient will administer all medications correctly by discharge.

b. The patient will be taught common side effects of prescribed medications.

c. The patient will have a good understanding of prescribed medications.

d. The patient will have all medications administered by staff as prescribed.

a

The nurse reviews a primary care provider's order and finds that the medication amount is greater than the standard dose. What should the nurse do?

a. Give the standard dose rather than the one that is ordered.

b. Consult with the nursing supervisor to get a second opinion.

c. Call the primary care provider to discuss the order in question.

d. Administer the medication as ordered by the primary care provider.

c

The nurse is selecting a site to administer a medication by the intramuscular route. The nurse chooses to avoid which site due to the high risk for injury?

a. Vastus lateralis

b. Ventrogluteal

c. Dorsogluteal

d. Deltoid

c

The home health nurse is called for a consultation on a patient with memory problems who is having difficulty remembering to take multiple medications prescribed to be taken throughout the day. What can the nurse do to help the patient remember to take the medications as prescribed?

a. Arrange for the medications to be put in a pill organizer by week.

b. Make a chart showing times when medications should be taken.

c. Ask a family member to come over each day to administer medications.

d. Ask the patient to set an alarm clock for when medications are due.

a

he nurse understands that medication absorption is affected by the administration route. Which route for medications has the fastest absorption rate?

a. Cream applied to the skin

b. Enteric-coated capsules

c. Subcutaneous injection

d. Intravenous injection

d

What action does the nurse take immediately after instilling the prescribed eye drops into the patient's eye?

a. Apply a sterile eye patch to each eye receiving drops.

b. Maintain light pressure on the lower eyelid to keep it pulled down.

c. Wipe the eyelid toward the inner canthus area.

d. Press gently on the inner canthus area.

d

Which statement by the patient about herbs and prescription medications demonstrates understanding of education by the nurse?

a. "I can stop taking my prescription medication when I begin an herbal preparation."

b. "I know herbal preparations are highly regulated to prevent interactions with prescription medications."

c. "I should check with my provider before beginning an herbal preparation."

d. "I cannot ever take an herbal preparation while I am using prescription medication."

c

Before administering a dose of a prescribed medication, the nurse finds an unlabeled, filled syringe in the patient's medication drawer. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

a. Discard the syringe.

b. Obtain a label for the syringe.

c. Use the medication in the syringe.

d. Verify the contents of the syringe with another nurse.

a

The nurse is to give amoxicillin 750 mg PO, q8h x 10 days. The amount that is on hand is 0.5g/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer at each dose? Write your answer to the first decimal place. ____________ tablet(s).

1.5