Electrol system

Universal Adult Franchise

The foundational right of every adult citizen (above 18 years old) to vote, irrespective of gender, wealth, caste, or religious background.

Voting Age Reduction

India lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 in 1988 to enhance youth participation in the electoral process.

Electoral System

The method, mechanics, and rules used to conduct elections, manage constituencies, count votes, and declare winners fairly.

Secret Ballot

A voting method that ensures a voter's choice remains confidential to protect against intimidation and maintain democracy.

Election Commission of India (ECI)

An independent body responsible for supervising, directing, and organizing elections in India.

Model Code of Conduct (MCC)

Operational guidelines and rules that political parties and candidates must adhere to during election periods.

Direct Elections

A voting process where citizens directly elect representatives for local bodies, State Assemblies, and the Lok Sabha.

Indirect Elections

A process in which representatives are elected indirectly, such as the election of the Vice President of India.

Reservation of Seats

The allocation of specific constituencies for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) to ensure fair representation.

Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs)

A technology used in elections replacing paper ballots, enhancing accuracy, speed, and sustainability.

Youth Political Participation

The engagement of young people in politics, influenced by modern media and challenged by issues like voter apathy.