Causes of Migration

What makes moving to a new place stressful?

When people migrate they often leave friends, family, and a familiar environment behind

What might migrants feel upon moving?

Lonely, homesick, and sad

How can migration be costly?

Monetary cost of moving, and psychological cost of leaving a familiar environment

Why do people move?

They believe they will be better off in a different location

Rather than being spur of the moment how is the decision to move made?

Through a well though out, cost benefit analysis or comparison involved

Why is it difficult to know the exact reasons behind migration?

Data on that is not avalible

What percent of immigrants in the United States came for work in 2021?

41.8%

What percent of immigrants to the U.S. in 2021 came for school?

32.2%

What percent of immigrants came to the U.S. for family in 2021?

23.2%

What percent of immigrants came to the U.S. for safety in 2021?

1.9%

What percent of immigrants came to the U.S. for diversity in 2021?

0.9%

How does affordability become a precursor for moving?

People may move from an area with a high cost of living to one that has a lower cost of living

In recent years what factor has attrected more attention?

Environmental factors, fleeing natural disasters such as flood, drought, earthquakes and so on

How might housing needs affect migration?

Changing from renting to owning a home, or from a modest home to a larger one

What are some reasons health might play a role in migration?

Accessing better healthcare for chronic conditions, leave places with high risks of infectious diseases, or move to a low humidity environment to manage chronic respiratory and skin conditions

Who collects mobility data in the U.S.?

The U.S. Census Bureau

How often does the U.S. Census Bureau collect mobility data?

March of every year

What census is created from the data collected every March?

The Current Population Survey’s Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC)

The Census Bearaeu divides how many specific reasons into 4 categories?

20 specific reasons

What are the 4 categories?

1. Family related reasons

2. Employment reasons

3. Housing

4. Other

What does the CPS ASEC not distinguish between?

International, interregional, and intra-urban moves

When did the CPS add the Natural disaster reason?

2006

When did the CPS add foreclosure/eviction reason?

2012

Why did the CPS add foreclosure/eviction as a reason?

Following the subprime mortgage crisis between 2007 and 2010

When did the CPS add the relationship with unmarried partner reason?

2020

During the first part of 2023 what likely had an impact on mobility in the U.S. and elsewhere in the world?

Covid-19

In 2000 housing related reasons accounted for how many of all moves?

Just under half

In 2000 how many movers reported housing related reasons?

43.4 million

In 2023 the share of hosing related moves accounted for what percent?

41.3%

Housing related reasons are likely to cause what kind of moves?

Intraurban

Which type of move is more common than others?

Intraurban

Which proportion went up in 2023 compared to 2000?

Wanted better neighborhood/less crime, and cheaper housing

How did the proportion of people moving for family reasons change from 2000 to 2023?

It decreased

The number of people moving for family related reasons decreacing from 2000 to 2023 might be attributed to what?

The addition of the Relationship with unmarried partner in the Other Reasons category

Employment reasons accounted for how much in 2000?

17.2%

In 2023 what percentage of moves were attributed to employment?

21%

In 2023 what employment reasons did people have for moving?

New jobs, job transfer, or to be closer to work for an easier commute

How much larger were the retirement related moves in 2023 when compared to 2000?

3 times higher

The retirement related moves increasing by 3x from 2000 to 2023 may reflect what?

The United States aging population

Which generation are retiring and subsequently relocating?

Members of the Baby Boom generation

What were the total numbers of movers in 2000?

43.4 million

What were the total number of movers in 2023?

25.6 million

The plummet of total movers from 2000 to 2023 is consistent with what trend?

A downward trend in mobility since the mid-1980s