Social Psychology Unit 1 (sept.3-October 6)

Self Concept

known and believed of self: traits, roles, abilities

Possible selves

What we dream of ourselves becomming

Self -esteem

overall self worth

Self-compassion

compassionate towards self

Self-efficacy

being particularly effective in one particular domain

Social comparison

evaluating self against others

approximity, relevance, direction of comparison

Impact bias

eduring impact of emotion causing events

Immune neglect

underestimate speed/strength of psych immune system

self-serving bias

tendancy to percieve yourself favorable/better than you obj are

self-serving attributions

positive outcomes to self and negative outcomes to others

self-affirmation

affirming ones own worthiness and value

better than average effect

overestimate positive qualities and underestimate negative qualities relitive to others

absolute optimism

less @ risk of experiancing a negative event compared to QUANTITIVE standard

Comparitive optimism

less @ risk of experiancing a negative event compared to OTHERS

False consensus effect

OVERESTIMATE commonality of 1’s opinions and others undesirable and unsuccessful behaviors

False uniqueness effect

underestimate how many others share our abilities and desirable behaviors; think you are more unique than you really are

Self-handicaping

1’s self image with INTENTIONAL behaviors that create a handy excuse for later failure

Self-Monitoring

aware of the way 1 presents in social situations and adjusting ones performance to create desired impressions

belief perseverance

hold onto beliefs DESPITE evidence proving otherwise

Confermation bias

look for evidence that supports our beliefs

backfire effect

when encounter evidence that challenges our beliefs we reject that evidence or even strengthen our beliefs

Representative heuristic

presume someone belongs to a group if resembling member of that group (guy in red shirt and khakis-target employee)

Availibility heuristic

make judgements about a likley hood of an event based on how easily an example comes to mind (shark attack)

Illusory Correlation 

perception of a relationship when none exists OR a perception of a stronger than actual relationship

One shot illusory correlation

2 rare events grouped into something new

Effect of moods

mood effects how many positive or negative behaviors we see an ind. perform

Counterfactual thinking

“what if/ if only” statements; imagining situations that could have happened

Attribution theory

explain others behaviors

Dispositional Attribution

behavior towards persons traits/disposition

Situational attribution

behavior attributed to environment

Fundemental attribution error

observers underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences regarding OTHERS behaviors

spontanious trait interference

Automatic inference of a trait after exposure to someones bahavior

self-serving attributions

attribute positive outsomes to self and negative outsomes to other factors

ABC’s of attitude

Affect, Behavior, Cognition

Cognitive dissonance

Tension when 1 is simultaniously aware of 2 inconsistant cognitions/behaviors that are consistant with a belief

Self-perception theory

look down at own behavior to determine our attitudes