Binary, Decimal, Hexadecimal

Binary (Base 2)

A numeral system that uses two digits, 0 and 1.

Decimal (Base 10)

A numeral system that uses ten digits: 0-9.

Hexadecimal (Base 16)

A numeral system that uses sixteen digits: 0-9 and A-F.

How do you convert binary to decimal?

Multiply each bit by 2 raised to its position (right to left).

What is the conversion of binary '1010' to decimal?

10.

What is the relationship between decimal '10' and hexadecimal?

It is represented as 'A' in hexadecimal.

How do you convert hexadecimal to decimal?

Multiply each digit by 16 raised to its position.

What is the decimal equivalent of hexadecimal '1A'?

26.

Formula to determine the number of bits needed?

Number of Bits = ⌈log₂(Number)⌉

How many bits are needed to represent the decimal number '100'?

7 bits.

What does a CPU do?

Executes instructions.

What is RAM used for?

Temporary storage for active processes.

What does NIC stand for?

Network Interface Card.

Lossy Compression

Compression where some data is permanently removed.

Give an example of lossy compression.

JPEG for images, MP3 for audio.

Lossless Compression

Compression where no data is lost and can be perfectly restored.

What is an example of lossless compression?

PNG for images, ZIP for files.