Urinalysis

Normal color for pee

Very pale yellow

Pale yellow

Excess fluid intake or may be a sign of diabetes

Bright yellow

High levels of vitamins, like vitamins B

Pink/red

Food like beets or blood in urine

Olive green

Certain bacterial infection or bile

Brown/black

Heavy metal poisoning

Cloudiness

Possible high levels of white blood cells, fat, protein, or other mineral salts. Or possible bacterial infection

pH

Normal range is from 4.5 - 7.5

Proteins

Normal - little to non

But if presence - from stress or dehydration. It can be a sign of kidney damage

Glucose

Normal - none

But if presence - comes from diabetes, stress, or eating a lot of carbs

Ketones

Normal - none

But if presence - comes from diabetes, exercise, alcoholism, or pregnancy

Blood/Hemoglobin

Normal - none

But if presence - comes from extreme physical activity, certain medications, liver or kidney damage, infection or damage in the urinary tract, or kidney

Bilirubin

Normal - none

But if presence - can come from liver problems, too many RBCs being broken down, cirrhosis, gall stones, types of anemia, or traumatic injury to liver or gall bladder

Nitrites

Normal - none

But if presence - it is a sign of urinary tract infection

Specific gravity

Normal - 1.005 to 1.030

Compare mass of urine sample to mass of pure water

Can vary based on hydration level, kidney function, etc.