AD2 AMACE REVIEWER

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering basic church design, site planning principles, architectural elements, proxemics, and universal design based on the lecture transcript.

Chapel

A sacred space intended for worship where a priest visits to conduct services but does not reside.

Church

A diocesan building that serves as a place of worship and a residence for the priest.

Cathedral

A sacred building that serves as the official seat and residence of a bishop.

Proper orientation of the Altar

- Altar is always facing the east – morning sun

- West – entrance, etc

Inculturation

The adaptation of church architectural design to reflect and integrate with the local culture and context.

Church architectural style

- Renaissance 1600s

tier

Church architectural style

-Church architectural style

S-scroll

Church architectural style

- Neo gothic 1850s to turn of century of 1900

The only steel temple ni asia – san Sebastian

Juan nakpil

renovation of basilica of black Nazarene, quiapo church 1933

Fernando Ocampo

post war manila cathedral 1954

Jose-maria Zaragoza

santo domingo qc 1954

Ceasar concio

redemptorist church 1958

San Sebastian Church

The only steel temple in Asia, designed in the Neo-gothic style.

Francisco manosa

edsa shrine 1989

Leandro Locsin

The architect responsible for the Benedictine monastery of transfiguration in 1983.

Vertical structure

- Soaring heights

• outside and inside – to evoke the

heavenly and eternal

• dapat pagpasok ng simbahan,

mapapaluhod ka

Vertical structure

- catholic church

• architecture should create an

atmosphere of catholic prayer and

worship

Iconographic Architecture

A design approach where the building itself serves as a symbol of heavenly things and a visible sign of the divine presence.

Permanence

Structure should be permanent, durable, should withstand the violence of man and brutality of nature.

Nave

The central part of a church building where the congregation is seated.

Narthex

The entrance or lobby area of a church, located at the end opposite the main altar.

Sanctuary

The elevated area of the church containing the altar; it must be visible to all and usually consists of a minimum of $5$ to $7$ steps.

Altar table

• Solid stone top with 5 engraved

crosses – must be anchored to the

ground with stone or concrete

materials. Decorative cladding of

wood, metal, or other material is

allowed attached to concrete surface

along sides of table

• Jesus is the symbol

Ambo

A fixed lectern used for readings that should match the design and materials of the altar table.

2 smaller lecterns, movable

• Priest – used at the beginning of the

mass

• Commentator – locate outside of the

main sanctuary at a lower level,

should be much smaller than the

ambo and more simple in design

Crucifix

• crucified Christ is a requirement

• Resurrected Christ or cross alone

without corpus is not proper

Sacristy

- Closets for priests (movable)

• Vestments - Should be at least 0.70m depth w/ ventilation blades or holes w/ screen, cabinets for lectionaries and other books, sacred vessels, holy oil

Lynch's Site Planning Process (1984)

A standard design process followed by architects that reflects the diff. phases of the design process which includes problem definition, inventory, and analysis of the site and users.

PROBLEM DEFINITION

Shows that even before you proceed with the

schematic design phase of the design

process, one must

INVENTORY/ANALYSIS SITE USER

• Define the problem with the analysis

of the site and its users

• Once you’re done with this, you can

now go to the PROGRAM

Planning – Design Process (Starke & Simonds, 2006)

• Follow the ff phases of the design process

Research - Analysis - Synthesis

• Emphasizes the linearity of the design process wherein one CANNOT proceed with the design development phase without first doing research and analyzing the site and its users.

Ovo urban analogy

• Shows how cities have evolved from walled defined centers to sprawling development in the recent years

• As men multiply and comes to dominate the earth, the organization of land becomes more important to the quality of their lives

Space Planning

The efficient and productive use of interior spaces, defining circulation paths, and identifying levels of privacy and inclusivity.

Inclusivity of spaces

Identifying which ones are private and semi-public

Efficient and productive use of spaces

• Considering where the spaces are

accessed outside the property

• How these spaces are affected by

natural elements; Wind and Solar path

Site Planning

• The artistic and functional arrangement of structures on the land and the shaping of the spaces between them to enhance everyday life.

• Aim: moral and aesthetics: to make places which enhances everyday life

Space planning

• Shows the relationship of spaces inside 1 structure

• Inside a building

Site planning

• Shows the relationship of bldgs. Inside a prop following a certain hierarchy and circulation pattern

• Everything outside the bldg.

• Developed thru multidimensional viewpoints from various stakeholders from diff sectors

Site analysis

• Must show all existing site conditions prior to your design

• Shows a number of symbols that holistically defines the site

• Different colored curved arrows

1. Research (general activities of the planning-design process)

- Program development

- Site and context inventory

2. Analysis (general activities of the planning-design process)

- Site analysis

3. Synthesis (general activities of the planning-design process)

- Conceptual design

- Preliminary design

- Site plan/master plan

Process

• analyzing the data gathered about a particular site

• Essentially about getting the right things in the right place

• Being able to draw up detailed briefs to guide the designers and site managers

• Interpretation of info is the most diff part of the site planning process

Necessary for a good site analysis (russ, 2009)

1. Data gathering

2. Evaluating the site

3. Recognizing concerns

4. Understanding of the administrative

requirements

Site development plan

• Reflects the bldgs. That you are proposing

• Corresponding improvements on the spaces between them.

Bubble Diagram

A graphical tool used to show the circulation of users, vehicular traffic flow, and the arrangement of spaces based on natural elements.

Site analysis – basic diagram composition

1. Boundaries

2. Solar path

3. Wind direction

4. True north orientation

5. Traffic and pedestrian flow

6. Adjacent structures

7. Views/viewsheds

8. Vegetation

9. Others

Boundaries

roads, paths, access

Solar path

morning and afternoon sun

Amihan

The North East (NE) wind direction considered during site analysis.

Habagat

The South West (SW) wind direction considered during site analysis.

Adjacent structures

may have direct / indirect effect to your site

Vegetation

existing landscape

Attributes of site planning

1. Physical

• ones reflected in the site analysis diagram

• includes Soil, Topography, Hydrology, Geology and Climate

• You should be wary of the different hazards, nuances, constraints of the different attributes of the site

Attributes of site planning

2. Biological

Includes Vegetation, Wildlife, Flora and Fauna

Attributes of site planning

3. Cultural

• Data and information about the PEOPLE and who they are as stakeholders

• Built environment is a manifestation of the people who built and are using it

Attributes of site planning

4. Land use suitability

– can also translate to political attributes

- Codes and legal reqs we follow when designing

Survey

- Checklist of info or data pertaining to the site and its immediate context

- Would be drawn up after an initial analysis of the problem

- To guide the 1st survey, info would be gathered continuously as the problem develops

Primary data

- Data from primary sources and other data gather firsthand for the purpose of your project or research

- Initial personal reconnaissance – when you familiarize yourself with the site and its immediate env

- Data gathered by allied professionals and consultants for your project

Initial personal reconnaissance

– when you familiarize yourself with the site and its immediate env

o Notes

o Sketches

o Photographs

o Parang sa surveying

Data gathered by allied professionals and consultants for your project

o Geodetic engineer

o Environmental planner

o Geologist

o Hydrologist

o Biologist

o And others

Secondary data

Data gathered that have been collected and published for studies other than for your project or research

o Websites

o Government links

Evidence-Based Design

A design approach that uses solid data and research results, such as history or innovation, to provide architectural solutions.

ARCHITECTURE

That’s why u study HOA to have a lot of evidences of what kind of architecture works and does not.

INNOVATION

As a designer, u should come up with research that could be injected into the project so it becomes an architectural solution proposal for SOMETHING THAT THE WORLD NEEDS TODAY & TOMORROW.

Difference bet. Programming and design

Analysis of its parts so that it could become whole (synthesis)

Analysis

Fundamental parts of the design problem are separated and identified

Synthesis

Parts are put together to form a coherent solution

Space program

- Tool that lists the spaces – what’s within it and its specific uses and function of each one in tabular form

- Info indicated are as such, but not limited to function, number of occupants, furniture / fixture / equipment and other critical factors

Segmental planning

- Isolates a small part of a project in order to focus on how everything works on a smaller scale

Adjacency/Space Matrix

A graphical tool used to represent and determine the relationship of spaces between each other during the design process.

Cohousing / Shared Housing

A semi-communal housing arrangement consisting of private homes clustered around shared community spaces like kitchens or laundry facilities. First cohousing development – 1972, Denmark.

Generation

- Group of indivs and living contemporaneously (existing, occurring, or originating during the same time)

- Every 10 years is a generation

- People born from 1980-1989: 80s generation

Childhood

o Infant

o Toddler adolescent

Adulthood

o Young adult

o Middle age

o Empty nester

Elderhood

o People over 60

o “retired”

Montessori Method

An educational approach reflected in design by providing children with autonomy, such as their own appropriately scaled sinks to encourage independence.

Babies/kids

- A lot of Filipino fams – decision to try cohousing or shared housing is influenced by

children

- Le courbusier (towards a new architecture) – “... man looks at the creation of architecture with his eyes, which are 5 feet 6 inches from the ground.”

Safety

- Being able to see the child ANYWHERE in the space

- Allowing the child to explore and learn without feeling “closed in”

- Allow adults to easily monitor

Stability and durability

• Furniture and fixture that wont topple over

• Fixed > loose

• Attached to the wall

Play and creativity

• Architectural solns that safely allow them autonomy in exploring and playing

• Should allow them to see what is outside safely

• No big cuts of windows

Adaptability

- “Kids grow really fast”

- Still their room as they grow older

Adulthood (working class)

- A lot of diff types of work setups u would have to consider such as family members who

• Work outside the home

• work at home but need a privat space

Elderhood

• more time to spend on leisure activities

• will need indoor and outdoor spaces to fill their days with diff activities

Proxemics

The study of how people unconsciously structure microspace, maintain territories, and manage distances between one another in daily life.

Loudness of voice

• Indicator of the distance bet. 2 people

• Whisper: close

• Shout: distant

• (literally and figuratively)

Social distancing

Came from the study of PROXEMICS

Intimate Distance

A proxemic zone measuring $0-1.5 \text{ ft}$ ($0-0.45 \text{ m}$), used for activities like protecting, comforting, or love-making. Speaking is minimal. There is a sense of discomfort when a

stranger enters one’s intimate space.

Personal Distance

A proxemic zone measuring $1.5-4 \text{ ft}$ ($0.45-1.2 \text{ m}$), often perceived as the limit of domination. Activities: holding hands, meeting with friends, and intimidation

Social Distance

A proxemic zone measuring $4-12 \text{ ft}$ ($1.2-3.6 \text{ m}$), used for business, casual social discourse, and classroom settings. Indiv can work independently without the need to interact (café, classroom). Voice is noticeably louder

Public Distance

A proxemic zone measuring $12-25 \text{ ft}$ ($3.6-7.6 \text{ m}$), recognized as the point of fight or flight where vocal details are lost.

Proxemics and cultural differences

- People from different nations, social classes, and upbringing have different perception of spaces

- Some require more space, while some require less

- Caused by various changes on environmental and social differences

- People from diff cultures not only speak diff languages but, what is possibly more important, inhabit different sensory worlds

- Social class

Lower class

seated close to one another

Upper class

each individual has ample space

Proxemics and home furniture

- Understanding the concept of proxemics aids to more efficiently designed living spaces considering

1. Inclusivity

2. Exclusivity

3. Unique cultural context

Seating areas

Dining table / meeting room

People choose their seats based on their intended involvement through control of eye contact

Seating areas

Living room

3 seater sofa

• Seat more people

• most people choose to occupy the END of the sofa first – to use the arm rest

• 2nd person – sits on the other end to set a comfortable distance from his/her companion

• only user groups that are well acquainted are comfortable with the 3rd person sitting in the middle.

Universal design

- Promotes safe and easy to use designs

- FOR ALL

- design of products, environments, programs and services to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design

- Evolved from accessible design (for disabled people)

Equitable, flexible use & low physical effort

- Design that can be used comfortable by all with diverse abilities, which uses reasonable force to operate without the need for repetitive actions.

Simple and intuitive use

- Learnable, you know how to use it easily

- Design elements that visually signals its purpose with ease

- Also considers the size of the space to show the approach of its utilization