SBP SCI SS - DAY 1 | Introduction to Chemical Kinetics – Summer Bridging Program Week 1 / Day 1

Twenty Q&A flashcards covering key concepts from Week 1/Day 1: Introduction to Chemical Kinetics, including importance, definitions, rate factors, rate expressions, stoichiometric relationships, and distinctions between Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

What three pharmaceutical concerns make chemical kinetics especially important?

It helps predict and control drug reactions, drug stability, and product shelf-life.

What is the definition of chemical kinetics?

The study of the rates at which chemical processes occur and the mechanisms by which they proceed.

List the four primary factors that affect reaction rate.

Concentration, temperature, surface area, and the presence of a catalyst.

How does increasing reactant concentration influence the reaction rate?

Higher concentration raises the likelihood of molecular collisions, accelerating the reaction.

Why does raising the temperature generally increase the rate of a reaction?

Molecules gain kinetic energy, move faster, collide more frequently, and with greater energy.

Why does greater surface area speed up reactions involving solids?

More surface exposure provides more sites for collisions between reactant particles.

How does a catalyst change the rate of a reaction?

It alters the reaction mechanism (usually lowers activation energy), thereby changing the reaction rate.

In catalysis, what is a promoter?

A substance that increases the rate of a catalyzed reaction.

In catalysis, what is a poison?

A substance that decreases the rate of a catalyzed reaction.

How is the average reaction rate mathematically expressed for a reactant?

−Δ[Reactant] / Δt, the negative change in concentration divided by the change in time.

What trend does the average reaction rate show as a reaction proceeds?

It decreases because fewer reactant molecules remain to collide.

What is the definition of an instantaneous reaction rate?

The slope of a tangent to a concentration-versus-time curve at a specific moment.

How are stoichiometric coefficients used in rate expressions for aA + bB → cC + dD?

Rate = −(1/a)(d[A]/dt) = −(1/b)(d[B]/dt) = (1/c)(d[C]/dt) = (1/d)(d[D]/dt).

Why is the slope of a reactant’s concentration-time curve negative?

Reactant concentration is decreasing, giving a negative rate of change.

For 2O3(g) → 3O2(g), what is the stoichiometric relationship between the disappearance of O3 and the appearance of O2?

−Δ[O3]/Δt = (2/3) Δ[O2]/Δt.

If O2 appears at 6.0 × 10⁻⁵ M/s in 2O3 → 3O2, at what rate is O3 disappearing?

4.0 × 10⁻⁵ M/s.

In the reaction C4H9Cl + H2O → C4H9OH + HCl, how do the rates of disappearance and appearance compare?

They are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign because the stoichiometric ratio is 1:1.

What is the primary focus difference between Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences?

Pharmacy centers on drug dispensing and administration, whereas Pharmaceutical Sciences emphasize drug development, reactions, stability, and shelf-life.

Which Philippine licensure exam must both Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences graduates take?

The Philippine Pharmacist Licensure Examination (PPLE).

Why are UPM BS Pharmaceutical Sciences graduates not limited to academic careers?

Their curriculum also covers drug dispensing and administration, opening roles in practice as well as research and quality control.