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What is cultural diffusion? What are the different types of cultural diffusion
The spread of cultural beliefs, ideas customs, and practices from one society to another. Contagious diffusion relies on person-to-person contact. Hierarchical diffusion is when someone influential first has it and gets it passed down. Relocation diffusion is when people move to different places. Stimulus diffusion is when the cultural traits of one society are adopted into another.
Where are the three major culture hearths of popular culture today?
New York, LA and London
Describe how pop culture vs folk diffuses?
Folk culture usually has an anonymous hearth/origin. Folk culture diffuses more slowly and diffuses by relocation/migration. Popular culture usually has known hearths. It is easily diffused around the world and largely through hierarchal diffusion.
Describe the consumers of pop culture vs folk culture.
Consumers of pop culture are diverse and are from urban and modernized places. Consumers of folk culture are locally consumed relies heavily on local communities.
How are material culture and non-material culture different?
Material culture are physical objects and belongings of a group of people. Non-material are ideas, beliefs and social rules of the culture.
In what ways can pop culture adversely affect the environment?
There can be more pollution and scarce natural resources
How can globalization threaten folk culture?
Acculturation and the high cost of living, so many people will have to start working in the economy to help support their families. Dominant languages can also affect the community at large because many need to learn it for trading goods.
Cultural Imperialism
Dominance of one culture over the other exerting and imposing its values beliefs and practices.
How can one’s culture affect food and beverage consumption?
Dietary restrictions, different preparation and the way they consume the food.
Name the two largest language families in the world today. Where are their origins
Indo-European and Sino-Tibetan. Orgins of were europe and asia,
The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, group is...
how they evolved and diverged from their common ancestor over time.
To which language family, branch, and group does English belong?
Indo european, the germanic branch and west germanic group
How did the Angles and the Normans contribute to the development of the English language
The angles brought their germanic languages to england. Nomans invaded england and introduced Norman French leaving a big impact on the english vocabulary. Marked crucial stages in english linguistics
What is a lingua franca
It is a language used to facilitate communication between people who speak other languages. English is considered a lingua franca.
Explain how english has become the worlds lingua franca
Globalization, Us influence in government, Imperial expansion and British empire influence.
What is an official language? Why do some countries have more than one?
An official language that is recognized by the country’s government. Countries have multiple languages because of the diversity in the country.
What is the only language in the world that is not related to any other language, a completed isolated language?
Basque/eskera no genetic relationship with any other language
For the world’s five major religions—Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism—can you identify the hearth?
Judaism: around Jerusalem
Christianity: Jerusalem
Islam: mecca
Hinduism: India
Buddhism: Nepal
Can you classify each as an ethnic religion or a universalizing religion?
Judaism: Ethnic
Christianity: Uni
Hinduism: Ethnic
Buddhism: Uni
What is the difference between an ethnic and universalizing religions
Ethnic appeal to appeal to specific group and do not specifically look for converts. Universalizing seeks more adherents
Which ethnic religion has the most adherents (followers) today?
Hinduism
Which universalizing religion has the most adherents today?
christianity
What is an evangelical religion?
A type of Christian religious movement that emphasizes the importance of sharing the gospel with others. Found in multiple denominations.
How are Latin America and North America different in terms of religious practices
Latin America: Majority catholic
North America : Melting pot of religions
Identify the two major branches of Islam. What makes them different? Which is the dominant branch in the world today?
Sunni and shia are major branches of islam. Sunni believes that anyone can be an imam and shia believes that they should follow the prophets family. Sunni is a dominate religion
Name the three major branches of Christianity
Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Protestantism
What is a denomination?
A denomination a distinct religious body within a broader faith
Can you name five Protestant denominations?
Baptist, Methodist, Lutheran, presbyterian and pentecostal
How are ethnicity and nationality different?
Ethnicity: Shared cultural traits, language, heritage and customs among group of people.
Nationality: persons citizenship in a country.
What is the most populous ethnic group in the U.S. today?
White
Where is there clustering of African Americans in the U.S.? Latinos? Asian Americans?
African Americans: Southeastern
Latinos: Southwest
Asian Americans: Western
what are centripetal forces?
Factors that promote unity within a country or state.
Name several centripetal forces in the United States today
Shared religion, external threats, stable government and shared culture
Name several centrifugal forces in a country that could lead to the modern conflict
Cultural differences, religious differences and ethnonationalism
multiculturalism
when various ethnic groups coexist with one another without having to sacrifice their particular identities
assimilation
the process of a person or group losing the cultural traits that made them distinct from the people around them
acculturation
adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another
ethnocentrism
judging people or traditions based on your own cultural standards
cultural relativism
the idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture, rather than be judged through the eyes of another culture
