Mood Disorders & Suicide Flashcards

A set of vocabulary-style flashcards covering the diagnostic criteria, cognitive models, and biological treatments for mood disorders and suicide risk assessment as outlined in the lecture.

Mood Disorders

A category of disorders involving a disabling disturbance in emotion where mood can be high or low, differentiated by timing, duration, severity, and presumed etiology.

Depression/Low mood state

An emotional state marked by extreme sadness and frequent feelings of worthlessness, guilt, and hopelessness.

Mania/Elevated mood state

An emotional state marked by intense but unfounded elation, hyperactivity, talkativeness, flight of ideas, distractibility, irritability, and impractical or grandiose plans.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A disorder requiring $5$ or more symptoms (including depressed mood or anhedonia) within the same $2$ week period.

Anhedonia

A core symptom of Major Depressive Disorder defined as a reduced interest or pleasure in normal activities.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)

A mood disorder characterized by a depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least $2$ years, without being symptom-free for more than $2$ months.

Bipolar I Disorder

A mood disorder where the individual must meet the criteria for a manic episode; depressive and hypomanic episodes are common but not required for diagnosis.

Bipolar II Disorder

A mood disorder that requires the individual to meet criteria for both hypomanic and depressive episodes, but they must never have met criteria for a manic episode.

Cyclothymia/Cyclothymic Disorder

A disorder existing for at least $2$ years featuring numerous periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for major episodes.

Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

A psychological therapy based on the idea that individuals feel depressed because their thinking is biased toward a negative interpretation of their environment due to negative schemas.

Negative Triad

A cognitive-behavioral model consisting of a negative view of the self, a negative view of the world, and a negative view of the future.

Magnification

A cognitive distortion described as blowing things out of proportion or "Making a mountain out of a molehill."

Minimization

A cognitive distortion involving downplaying the importance of a positive thought, emotion, or event.

Personalization

A cognitive distortion where an individual attributes personal responsibility for events that are not in their personal control.

Selective Abstraction

A cognitive distortion involving drawing conclusions based on just one of many elements of a situation.

Overgeneralization

A cognitive distortion characterized by making sweeping conclusions based on only a single event.

Absolutist/Black and white thinking

A cognitive distortion where events are seen as extremes, with no middle ground or nuance.

Arbitrary inference

A cognitive distortion involving drawing conclusions with little to no evidence, encompassing fortune telling and mind reading.

SSRI/SNRI/TCA/MAO

Four types of biological pharmacotherapy used as antidepressants.

Lithium

The gold standard medication for acute mania and long-term maintenance of Bipolar Disorder which reduces suicide risk by approximately $60\%$.

Suicidal ideation

Thoughts about suicide or death and dying, which may occur with or without deliberate consideration or a plan.

Suicidal intent

The specific desire and intention to act on suicidal thoughts and ideation.

Suicide plan

A specific method devised for ending one’s life, including details such as time, place, and method.

Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

A structured tool used by clinicians to document risk levels and plan interventions during a suicide risk assessment.