27: Cartilage & Bone

Cartilage

Bone

What two things make up firm CT?

Diffusion

How do avascular cartilage receive nutrients?

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic cartilage

Fibrocartilage

What are the three type of cartilage

hyaline cartilage

most prevalent type of cartilage:

hyaline cartilage

identify the cartilage:

hyaline cartilage

identify the cartilage:

hyaline cartilage

identify the cartilage:

hyaline cartilage

identify the cartilage:

hyaline cartilage

what type of cartilage is located at all articular joint surfaces?

Hyaline cartilage

what type of cartilage is located in the respiratory system?

hyaline cartilage

what type of cartilage is found in fetuses?

hyaline cartilage

what type of cartilage are costal ribs made of?

elastic cartilage

-similar to hyaline but also contains elastic fibers

elastic cartilage

what type of cartilage is found in the external ear?

elastic cartilage

what type of cartilage is the Eustachian tube made of?

elastic cartilage

what type of cartilage is the Layrnx (epiglottis) made of?

fibrocartilage

what type of cartilage are the vertebral discs (IVD) made of?

fibrocartilage

-hydrated (resists compression) but also contains collagen I so also high in tensile strength

fibrocartilage

what type of cartilage do the temporomandibular joints contain?

fibrocartilage

what type of cartilage does the pubic symphysis contain?

Fibrocartilage

What type of cartilage is the meniscus made of?

false

t/f: all cartilage has its own vacsular supply

true

t/f: all cartilage is aneural

type II collagen

what type of collagen is abundant in all cartilages?

Hyaline cartilage

What cartilage has the following functions:

Resist compression

Cushioning

Hyaline cartilage

What cartilage has collagen II and aggrecan in it's matrix?

Elastic cartilage

What type of cartilage has the following function:

Flexible support

Elastic cartilage

What type of cartilage has collagen II, aggrecan, and elastic fibers?

Fibrocartilage

What type of cartilage has the following function:

Resist compression

Resist shearing forces

Fibrocartilage

What type of cartilage has collagen II, collagen I, versican, and aggrecan?

Hyaline cartilage (except for articular cartilage)

Elastic cartilage

What type of cartilage has a presence of perichondrium

isogenous groups

identify the pink box:

Descendants from a single cell

What is an isogenous group?

interterritorial matrix

identify the blue box:

territorial matrix

identify the purple box:

Basophilic

Territorial matrix (TM) has strong __________ staining

Perichondrium (collagen- I rich)

What does the P stand for?

Territorial matrix

What does the TM stand for?

Interterritorial matrix

What does the IM stand for?

Chondrocyte

What does #1 point to?

Extracellular matrix (ECM)

What does #2 point to?

Lacuna

What does #3 point to?

Nucleus

What does #4 point to?

true

t/f: all cartilage experiences both appositional and interstitial growth

Appositional growth

What type of growth is from the perichondrium, forms at surface and increases in girth?

Interstitial growth

What type of growth are there cell divisions within the matrix resulting in increases in length and girth?

lacuna

chondrocytes are located in the _______

Lacuna

A chondrocyte fully occupies the _________, closely attaching the ECM

osteoarthritis

degradation of hyaline cartilage at articular surfaces caused by wear and tear:

rheumatoid arthritis

degradation of hyaline cartilage and inflamed synovium due to autoimmunity

osteoarthritis

identify the cartilage disease:

rheumatoid arthritis

identify the cartilage disease:

elastic cartilage

identify the cartilage:

elastic cartilage

identify the cartilage:

elastic cartilage

identify the cartilage:

Elastic cartilage

Identify the cartilge

fibrocartilage

which type of cartilage does NOT have perichondrium?

Dense CT (has col I)

Hyaline cartilage (has col II)

Fibrocartilage is a combination of what?

Nucleus of a fibroblast cell

What does the arrow point to?

Isogenous group of chondrocytes

What would this be called in a fibrocartilage?

Collagen fibers in fibrocartilage

What is stained green?

fibroblasts

additionally to chondroblasts, what cells do fibrocartilage have that elastic and hyaline not have?

fibrocartilage

identify the cartilage:

Negative (basophilic)

What type of charges do proteoglycans have?

Positive (eosinophilic)

What type of charges do collagen have?

GAG

Aggrecan = aggrecan core protein + _______

Nucleus pulposus

What does the NP stand for?

Anulus fibrosus

What does the AF stand for?

Herniated disc

What is it when a portion of the nucleus pulposus protrudes into the intervertebral foramen, pressing on one of the spinal nerves in the process

Synovial joint

What type of joint is shown?

Articular cartilage (no perichondrium)

What type of cartilage is shown?

Articular cartilage

Arthritis is caused by degradation of what type of cartilage?

connective tissue

What type of tissue is bone?

Mineralized

is the extracellular matrix of bone mineralized or not mineralized?

Bone

What has the following function:

Support

Calcium and phosphate storage

Fibers: Collagen I

Ground substance: Proteoglycan

What makes up the organic extracellular matrix of bones?

Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

What makes up the inorganic extracellular matrix of bones?

Appositional

What type of growth are bones?

woven bone

-immature bone

-disorderly arrangement of collagen

True

T/F: Bones have vascular blood supply

compact

spongy

two types of lamellar bone are:

periosteum

identify the blue box:

endosteum

identify the purple box:

Epiphysis

What is shown at #1?

Metaphysis

What is shown at #2?

Diaphysis

What is shown at #3?

Periosteum

What is shown at #4 (red)?

Bone marrow

What is shown at #5?

Articular cartilage

What is shown at #6 (blue)?

compact bone

what type of lamellar bone has:

-Haversian systems

-concentric lamellae

Spongy bone

What type of bone is formed first?

Spongy bone

What type of bone has a lamellated matrix?

Hyaline cartilage

Identify this tissue

Osteons

Mature compact bone is composed of __________

Volkmann's canal (or transverse canal)

What connects osteons inside and outside the bone?

Haversian canal

What is the center of an osteon called?

Endosteum

What is shown at #1?

Inner circumferential lamella

What is shown at #2?

Volkmann's canal

What is shown at #3?

Haversian canal

What is shown at #4?