Types of necrosis

list all types of oncotic necrosis

• coagulative

• liquefactive

• caseous

• gangrenous

what are the characteristics of coagulative necrosis

• preserved tissue architecture

• minor inflammation component

what are the characteristics of liquefactive necrosis

• loss of tissue architecture

• prominent inflammation with neutrophils

what are the characteristics of casseous necrosis

• semi solid tissue very friable

• prominent inflammation with macrophages

what are the characteristics of gangrenous necrosis

combination of multiple types of necrosis

in what tissue is coagulative necrosis common

• liver

• kidney

• muscle

coagulative necrosis is a result of ____________?

coagulation of proteins in tissue

what are nuclear changes you might see in cells undergoing coagulative necrosis

• pyknosis

• karyolysis

• karyorrhexis

what cytoplasmic changes might you see in a cell undergoing coagulative necrosis

• hyper eosinophilia

• loss of detail

What causes coagulative necrosis?

• local heat

• disrupted blood flow

• toxin exposure

grossly in a liver how would tell that it is undergoing coagulative necrosis

• tissue retains original form

• areas would be surrrounded by reddened area

This kidney tissue is undergoing necrosis what area is necrotized and what type is it?

• 2

• coagulative necrosis

What are the subtypes of coagulative necrosis

• fat necrosis

• zenker’s necrosis

zenker’s necrosis is coagulative necrosis of ____________

striated muscle

what are causes of fat necrosis

• inflammation of adipose digesting enzymes

• physical trauma

• idiopathic

what are causes of Zenker’s necrosis

• vitamin E deficiency

• ischemic necrosis

• bacterial toxins

________________ can be caused during pancreatitis of dogs as the combination of __________ with inflammation causes the formation of soaps on teh pancreas surface leading to this from of coagualtive necrosis to occur called _____________

• saponification of fat

• lipases

• fat necrosis

what type of necrosis has this tissue undergone

liquefactive necrosis

what area of the body is predisposed to liquefactive necrosis

the central nervous system

what is the term for liquefactive necrosis in the CNS

malacia

what is the most common cause of liquefactive necrosis

bacterial infections

a staple of liquefactive necrosis are ______________

abscesses

microscopically what will you see in liquefactive necrosis

• neutrophils

• debris

• water

Polioencephalomalcia(PEM) is most commonly due to _____________

thiamine deficiency

PEM most commonly occurs in _________

cattle

microscopically caseous necrosis will have what?

• inflammation wit macrophages

• granular debris

casseous necrosis is often caused by _____________ like?

• persistent pathogens

• fungi, protozoa, and mycobacteria

often caseous necrosis will form a __________

granuloma

List the parts of the granuloma created by caseous necrosis

1. necrotic cell material

2. degenerate neutophils

3. macrophages and multinucleated cells

4. capsule

The initial necrosis of gangrenous necrosis is __________

coagulative

what are the 3 types of gangrenous necrosis

1. wet

2. dry

3. gas

what makes up wet gangrenous necrosis

• coagulative necrosis

• liquefaction and saprophytic bacteria

what makes up dry gangrenous necrosis

coagulative necrosis following infarction

what makes up gas gangrenous necrosis

• coagulative necrosis

• anaerobic bacteria

what are the side effects of necrosis

• inflammation

• fibrosis

• loss of funtion

what are the outcomes of necrosis

• restoration

• evolution

• replacement

• tissue loss

• death

• sequestrum

in relation to the artery it is possible to have _________________

fibrinoid necrosis

what is often present in fibrinoid necrosis

neutrophils

a full thickness loss through the basement membrane is known as ___________

ulceration

a superficial loss with intact basement membrane is known as what?

erosion