Unit 5 "Lions" Test Review

What is an biotic factor?

living parts of ecosystem

What are some biotic factors found near you?

Plants, animals, and humans

What is an abiotic factor?

nonliving parts of an ecosystem

What are some abiotic factors found near you?

temperature, sunlight, and water

what does an ecosystem include that neither a population nor a community includes?

abiotic factors

what is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

autotrophs make their own food, while heterotrophs get their food consuming other organisms

what do the arrows mean in a food chain/food web?

flow of energy

what type or types of organisms do all organisms in a food web eventually become food for?

decomposers

what is the job of decomposers?

they break down waste and recycle the nutrients back into the soil for plants to use.

example of a decomposer

fungi

what percentage of the energy available to primary consumers will be available to tertiary consumers?

because of the 10% rule only about 1% of the energy will be available to tertiary consumers

what does "energy flows, but nutrients cycle" mean?

Energy moves in one direction and is lost as heat, while nutrients are reused and cycle through the ecosystem.

what is a habitat?

the physical environment where an organism lives

what is niche?

An organism's role in its ecosystem

what is a keystone species?

an organism that has a huge impact on its ecosystem, keeping it balanced

if territorial bird in a particular ecosystem are trying to maintain space between each other, what population distribution pattern would you predict

uniform because territorial birds actively maintain space between each other to avoid competition and conflicts.

what is an ecosystem engineer?

an organism that influences its environment by creating or maintaining habitats

what is an example of a keystone species that is an ecosystem engineer

beavers. they build dams which create wetlands

what is exponential growth?

when a population grows rapidly without limits, forming a J-shaped curve

what is logistic growth?

when a population grows quickly at first but slows as resources become limited, forming an S-shaped curve

what are denisty-dependent factors?

things that affect a population more as it grows larger.

what is an example of denisty-dependent factors

competition, predation, and disease

what are denisty-independent factors?

things that affect a population no matter how big or small it is

what is an example of denisty-independent factors

natural disasters, climate, and pollution

what does it mean when a population has reached carrying capacity?

the maximum number of individuals an environment can support based on available resources like food, water, and space.

what are some causes of the snowshoe hare population cycle? why does the lynx population size change with it?

The population cycle changed because they depend on each other

r-selected speices

Small and short lived, Less parental care, Mature rapidly, reproduce once Do best when resources are vast.

K-selected species

Larger and longer life span, More parental care, Mature slowly, and reproduce many time

Do best in environments that are already stable, carrying capacity already reached

in terms of when they are likely to die, how are the organisms of a type II survivorship curve different from either of the other two types?

Type II survivorship is death happens at all different times, death can come quickly or later.

what is intraspecific

Interactions between members of the same species

what is interspecific

Interactions between different species

example of intraspecific

two male lions competing for territory

example of interspecific

lion hunting a zebra

what is symbiosis

a close relationship between two different organisms where at least one benefits

mutualism

a relationship between two species in which both species benefit

commensalism

a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

parasitism

a relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits, and the other is harmed