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Why study science?
It can be an act of worship
a systematic study of the physical universe
science
Things science includes
the physical universe
another definition of science
knowledge
the process of gaining information about the natural world
scientific method
steps to the scientific method
1) observation
2) hypothesis
3) experimentation
4) interpretation
5) testing the interpretation
step in the scientific method used to identify a phenomenon that we want to learn abuot
Observation
true or false: observation step has a narrow scope
false (scope is wide/infinite number of things to study)
scientific step that is a proposed testable explanation of that observed phenomenon
hypothesis
scientific step that is a test designed to evaluate the truth or falsity of the hypothesis
experimentation
what does experimentation involve?
data collection
drawing logical conclusions from the data
interpretation
performing new experiments
testing the interpretation
examples of scientific method being utilized
1) sun (what it was and where light came from)
2) Geckos (how their feet really adhere to surfaces)
a general rule that describes observable phenomena (tells us what happens)
law
a well-substantiated explanation of come aspect of the world (tells us why)
theory
specific conclusion from years of accumulated data (able to make prediction)
theory
examples of theory
1) atomic theory
2) cell theory
tenets of science
1) observable
2) testable
3) measurable
4) repeatable
5) falsifiable
scientific tenet that says we have to be able to observe what we're trying to study to call it science
observables
scientific tenet that says if we can't test something, then there are no experiments we can use to learn more about it
testable
scientific tenet that says we have to be able to measure it in some way
measurable
scientific tenet that says we have to repeat something to show it's truly a scientific principle and not an irregularity
repeatable
scientific tenet that says a hypothesis that can be tested and potentially proven false through experimentation and observation
falsifiable
man that came up with falsifiable as a scientific tenet and popularized it
carl popper
"if it's not true, we can demonstrate it"
falsifiability
example of falsifiability
shooting range at camp of the pines (2nd law of motion)
falsifiable or no: all swans are white
yes
falsifiable or no: there are little green frogs on planets in the andromeda galaxy
no
falsifiable or no: all metals expand when heated
yes
falsifiable or no: parrots can read from 300 yards away but only when no one is testing them
no
true or false: Science is a tool, not the ultimate authority over all things
true
the belief that science is the exclusive means of getting knowledge
scientism
true or false: scientism is a sound ideology
false
name some things that cannot be proven using the scientific metho
1) ethics
2) logics
3) math
4) soul
the defense or justification of a particular belief
apologetics
why engage in apologetics?
1) we are commanded to
2) the most important things are worth defending
3) the need is great
4) it will strengthen your faith
5) God uses is as a means to bring people to faith
verses that commands us to engage in apologetics
1 peter 3:15 and Jude 3
What's the goal of learning science and apologetics?
to exalt Christ as Lord and expose the folly of the unbelieving worldview
verse associated with the goal of learning science and apologetics (says how to engage a fool)
Prov. 26:4-5
available body of facts or information indicating that a belief or statement is true
evidence
true or false: having more evidence will automatically win an argument
false (there's a difference between proof and persuasion)
Evidence MUST NOT what?
replace what God has said
what is often used to reject contrary evidence?
rescuing devices
examples of rescuing devices
1) shoe-print embedded in rock
2) someone called 911 because they found their neighbor dead with lots of evidence of murder
a network of our most basic beliefs about reality in light of which all observations are interpreted
worldview
lens of reality
worldview
a thing tacitly assumed beforehand at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action
presuppositions
true or false: we all have presuppositions
true
what's the main presupposition all of us have?
We believe our senses and reasoning are reliable
main parts of the Biblical worldview
1) God is the ultimate standard
2) God is all-powerful, all-knowing, all-good, and Triune
3) God created the universe in 6 literal days, about 6,000 years ago
4) God upholds the universe by His sustaining power in a logical and consistent way
5) the world, in the beginning, was created as a paradise
6) the first humans discovered God, and the world was cursed
7) God flooded the entire earth in response to its wickedness
8) God became man to provide a path to Salvation
that which conforms to the mind of God
truth
verse that says God is the ultimate standard of truth
Heb. 6:13-14
1 in essence, 3 in persons
Triune
all that exists in matter and energy
materialism
believe that "sense" experience is the foundation for knowledge (5 senses is the basis for all knowledge)
Empiricism
believe that knowledge is gained through reason and ideas and that the senses are secondary (knowledge starts with the mind)
rationalism
secular worldview beliefs
1) they believe that our universe originated in a big bang billions of years ago
2) lifeless chemicals on the earth gathered and formed the first life
3) that life evolved to become the flora and fauna seen today
4) uniformitarian processes have shaped the earth
5) the fate of the universe is an inevitable heat death
how many years ago did the universe originated (secular worldview wise)
13.8 Ga
Ga meaning
Giga Anem (Giga = billion; Anem = year)
presupposition that assumes the rates of things have not changed ("present is the key to the past")
uniformitarianism
example of uniformitarianism dating
grand canyon
The real debate is not over evidence, but-
ultimate authorities
every worldview comes with-
certain beliefs about reality
Things explained under the Biblical worldview
1) inherent dignity and rights of man
2) objective meaning and purpose in life
3) moral accountability and retribution
something that's true and independently binding (transcends any individual person or culture)
objective
what is the source from which all meaning flows?
God
reference that shows the inherent dignity and rights of man
Gen. 1
what does inherent dignity and rights of man mean?
man is more valuable than the animals
what does moral accountability and retribution mean?
we'll be held responsible for what we do (every sin has been or will be punished)
things explained under the secular worldview
1) no objective inherent dignity and rights
2) no objective meaning or purpose to life
3) no ultimate difference in status after life
verse associated with the myth of neutrality
matt. 12:30
true or false: Jesus did not believe in neutrality
true
verses showing that unbelievers suppress the truth of God in unrighteousness
Rom. 1:18
Verse that says God has revealed Himself to all through creation
Rom. 1:20
verse that says God has revealed Himself through conscience
Rom. 2:14-15
Verse that says unbeliever has a natural rebellion toward God
Rom. 8:7
why is evidence by itself not enough to resolve the debate?
because we interpret evidence in light of our worldview
a true worldview must:
1) be logically consistent
2) provide for the preconditions of intelligibility
3) be non-arbitrary
something based on no good reason
arbitrary
something having a good reason for it
non-arbitrary
everything should have a reason either within itself or outside of itself
principle of sufficient reason
principle that says allowing contradictions will destroy anything
principle of explosion
example of preconditions of intelligibility
space and time
things that must be in place for us to have this conversation
preconditions of intelligibility