Wk. 5 - Major Depressive Disorder Flashcards

What is the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

A depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure in nearly all activities for at least two weeks, plus four of the following: sleep disruption, changes in appetite/weight, low energy, psychomotor agitation/retardation, excessive guilt/worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, or suicidal ideation.

What are the four main categories of risk factors for MDD?

Biological, genetic, psychological, and social factors.

Name two neurotransmitters that are often imbalanced in patients with MDD.

Serotonin and norepinephrine.

What are the first-line medications used for treating MDD?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).

What type of psychotherapy is commonly used to treat MDD?

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).

When is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) considered for MDD treatment?

In cases of severe, treatment-resistant depression, catatonia, or high suicide risk.

How does Behavioral Activation therapy help patients with MDD?

It encourages individuals to engage in rewarding activities to counteract withdrawal and negative feelings.

What is the role of light therapy in treating depression?

It is used primarily for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) to help regulate mood through controlled light exposure.

What is an important nursing intervention for patients taking MAOIs?

Educate about avoiding tyramine-rich foods to prevent hypertensive crises.

How can nurses assist MDD patients in developing recovery strategies?

Through collaborative goal setting, identifying patient motivation, and leveraging support systems.

What is the difference between suicidal ideation and a suicide attempt?

Suicidal ideation refers to thoughts or planning of suicide, while a suicide attempt is a nonfatal act with intent to die.

What are three major risk factors for suicide?

Mental illness, previous suicide attempts, and social isolation.

Which group has the highest prevalence of suicide?

Veterans, Native Americans, and individuals with a history of mental illness or substance abuse.

What are the three main categories of suicide theories?

Biological, genetic, and psychological/social.

What are two key protective factors against suicide?

Strong social support and effective mental health care.

What is the goal of suicide safety planning?

To help individuals survive suicidal crises by developing a set of action steps arranged in increasing intensity.

What are some warning signs that a patient may be at immediate risk for suicide?

Talking about wanting to die, withdrawing from social activities, giving away belongings, increased substance use, and drastic mood changes.

What is the most common method of inpatient suicide?

Hanging.

What is the role of a nurse in preventing suicide among high-risk patients?

Conducting risk assessments, ensuring safety measures, and providing emotional support.

How can nurses support families after a suicide has occurred?

Providing grief counseling, education on mental health resources, and helping families cope with feelings of guilt and blame.