Hiponatremia e DRC

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to hiponatremia and chronic kidney disease (DRC), aiding in the understanding and retention of the lecture material.

Hiponatremia

Condition characterized by sodium levels less than 135 mEq/L.

Hipernatremia

Condition characterized by sodium levels greater than 145 mEq/L.

Euvolêmica Hiponatremia

A state where the osmolarity is less than 100, often due to excess water and lack of sodium.

SIADH

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion, a cause of euvolêmica hiponatremia.

Hipovolêmica Hiponatremia

Occurs when sodium urinary excretion is less than 25, typically due to vomiting or diarrhea.

Hipervolêmica Hiponatremia

Condition where the body perceives low volume due to heart failure or cirrhosis.

SRAA

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, activated during low blood volume to retain sodium and water.

Tiazídicos

A class of diuretics that block sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule.

Furosemida

A loop diuretic that blocks sodium, potassium, and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle.

Acetazolamida

A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that reduces reabsorption of bicarbonate in the proximal tubule.

TFG

Glomerular Filtration Rate, a measure of kidney function, calculated based on creatinine levels.

Uremia

A condition that arises from accumulation of waste products in the blood due to failing kidneys.

Diálise

A medical procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when kidneys fail.

Rejeição Transplante

Immune response that can occur when the body recognizes a transplanted organ as foreign.

Imunossupressor

Medications used to decrease the immune response and prevent rejection of transplanted organs.

Hiperkalemia

Condition characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood.

Hiperfosfatemia

Condition characterized by elevated phosphate levels in the blood.

Hipocalcemia

Condition characterized by low calcium levels in the blood.

Microurinúria

Presence of small amounts of protein in the urine, often an early sign of kidney disease.