5th Grade Electricity and Magnetism

Electricity

energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor

Proton

positively charged particle

Electron

negatively charged particle

Static Electricity

The buildup of electric charges (+ or -) on an object

Build up of electric charges may be due to friction

magnet

a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field

Friction

the force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other

the transfer of electrons from one uncharged object to another by rubbing

Current

a flow of electricity through a conductor

Conductor

a material that easily allows the flow of electricity

Insulator

a material through which electricity DOES NOT pass easily

electromagnet

temporary magnet made by passing an electric current through a wire coiled around an iron bar

Poles

two ends of a magnet

the strongest parts of the magnet

Repel

to push away from something

2 objects pushing away from each other

Attract

to pull towards something

2 objects pulling toward each other

When the north pole of one magnet pulls toward the south pole of another magnet

What happens to a magnet when the electric Current is turned OFF

The magnetic field disappears - magnet is not magnetic

What happens to a magnet when the electric Current is turned ON

The magnetic field appears - Magnet is magnetic

Static discharge

The loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another.

Where is the magnetic effect strongest for a magnet?

At the poles

What are three forms of Static Dischrarg

heat, light, and sound

Magnetic poles that are UNLIKE

attract each other

Magnetic poles that are ALIKE

repell each other

What happens when a proton and an electron come together?

they attract one another - because they have different types of electric charges

magnetic field

The area of magnetic force around a magnet

compass

An instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north.

open circuit

an incomplete electrical circuit in which no current flows

closed circuit

complete path along which electric current flows

Give examples of a conductor

metal such as iron, copper, silver, water, or aluminum, through which electricity will flow

Give examples of an insulator

glass, plastic, rubber, wood, and air

Things electricity cannot flow through

In order for charges to flow through a circuit it can not have any ______________

Breaks

magnetic field

the space around a magnet where the force of the magnet can attract or repel objects

Objects with the same charge move away from each other (T/F)

TRUE they repel each other

What is an example of static electricity?

Lightning, a sock stuck to a sweater, ballons rubbed on your hair

How many magnetic poles does a magnet have?

2, north and south

Give some examples of how magnets are used

compasses, headphones, speakers, doorbells, recording information in computers and on a videotape

magnet

- any material that attracts iron and materials that contain iron

- attract or repel other magnets

- one part of a magnet will always point north when allowed to swing freely

magnetic pole

- the ends of a magnetic object where the magnetic force is strongest

- poles that are unlike attract each other

- poles that are alike repel each other

magnetic force

- a force produced when magnetic poles interact

magnetic field

- the region around a magnet where the magnetic force is exerted

magnetic field lines

- invisible lines that map out the magnetic field around a magnet

- these lines spread out from one pole, curve around the magnet, and return to the other pole

temporary magnet

- a magnet made from a material that easily loses its magnetism

permanent magnet

- a magnet made of a material that keeps its magnetism

compass

- a device with a magnetized needle that can spin freely