ESR and Staining

The distance in millimeters at which the red blood cells fall in one hour

Index for the presence of hidden but active diseases

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Principle of ESR

Rouleaux formation

3 stages of RBC sedimentation

_______________ - Rouleaux formation occurs

_______________ - Sedimentation occurs at a faster rate

_______________ - Sedimentation is slower because of the accumulation at the bottom of the tub

Lag Phase - 10 minutes

Decantation - 40 minutes

Final Setting Phase - 10 minutes

Most commonly used and is the gold standard for ESR

200mm

Modified Westergren Method

ESR method that can use blood in EDTA or citrate tubes. It uses a shorter column and blood is transferred into the column using a Pasteur pipette

100mm

Wintrobe Method

ESR

Specimen:

Procedure

Manner of Reporting:

Whole Blood

Plug ESR tube, wait for 1 hour

mm/hr

Reference range for male:

Children

13-49

50-85

86 and above

0-10

0-15

0-20

0-30

Reference Range:

Children

13-49

50-85

86 and above

0-10

0-20

0-30

0-42

Blood smears prepared from EDTA should be made within:

__ hr (McCall)

__ hr (Rodak)

1 hr McCall

2-3 hr Rodak

Group of stains routinely used to stain blood smears ad bone marrow smears

Romanowsky group of stains

Romanowsky stains contains

Methylene Blue - Basic

Eosin B/Eosin Y - Acidic

The purpose of this method is to make cells more visible and allow morphology to be evaluated

Staining of Blood Smear

Well Made blood smear color:

Macroscopically

Erythrocytes:

Leukocytes:

• Neutrophil

• Eosinophil

Cytoplasm

Pink to purple

Orange to Salmon Pink

Purple to Blue

• Violet

• Bright Orange

Pink to tan

Composition of a Wright Stain

Methanol

Eosin

Methylene Blue

Buffer

pH of buffer for:

Blood and Bone Marrow

Malarial Parasites

6.8

7.2

Times to Dip

Methanol -

Eosin -

Methylene Blue -

Phosphate buffer -

5

5

25

5