unit #7: rise of the cold war

United Nations

responsible in keeping the US & allies for international peace keeping and security for their people.

Yalta Conference 

purpose: to plan for the post-war world (what are we going to do after we win after WWII?)

Roosevelt, Churchill, an d Stalin met to discuss abt Poland & Germany in order to for them to create their style of government

Poland: allow free elections in Poland & increase a type of government from USSR (promise butt didn’t happen)

Europe: promised all eastern countries to choose their style of government (didn’t happen either) 

Germany: divide Germany into 4 zones of US, USSR, Great Britain, & France - to let Germany choose their own government 

Iron Curtain speech

represent the divide of democracy west & communist Europe east Winston Churchill: in March 5, 1946 
gives a speech in US & says that iron curtain was spreading (communism + USSR) 
2nd part of the speech tells the US to do smthing abt it (core of the cold war) 

Containment Policy 

to keep communism contained & not let it spread 

truman doctrine

a speech that wanted to aid those who worked to resist being controlled by communism and fight the spread of 

Marshall plan

US help Europe rebuild the economy from economic crisis in order to be strong to resist communism 

Berlin Blockade & Airlift

USSR blockaded West Berlin hoping that the US would abandon West Berlin so USSR can have west Berlin 

US airlifted 2 million tons of supplies to west Berlin & Stalin lifted the blockage on May 12, 1949

NATO

to form a mutual defense alliance to aid any member that was being attacked (an attack on one is a attack on all) 

China falls to Communism

communists captured the Chinese & the support of Nationalists declined & defeated - this lead to china’s fall to Communism 

Korean War

goal: to help Korea reunify & not become communist

(USSR control) north korea invaded south Korea (US control)

shows successful containment bc the south didn’t fall to Communism 

HUAC

House Un-American Activities Committee
looking for communist people to accuse of in the movie industry 

McCarthyism/Joseph McCarthy

junior senator in Wisconsin gives a speech against communism & announces 100+ of communism & runs away in to get attention to be president 
McCarthyism: makes it illegal to establish a totalitarian government 
the us & required communist related organizations need to publish their records (making it illegal to be communist)

Julius & Ethel Rosenberg

both accused of selling nuclear secrets to soviets since USSR knew Abt the Manhattan project 

found guilty of espionage in 1953 & got executed 

The Hydrogen bomb

August 12, 1953 USSR test hydrogen bomb a year later of the US making their H bomb 

This made US scared of a surprise attack 

Bomb shelters

this made others feel better that it could protect themselves from the atomic bombs & a temporary solution 

built in major cities & underground