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Which ocean bordered the 13 colonies?
The Atlantic Ocean
The invisible boundary that separated the land the colonists could settle in from the land they were prohibited from settling in.
The Proclamation Line of 1763
Paleo-Indians
The first people who entered and inhabited the Americas toward the end of the Ice Age. They are also known as Native Americans.
Barter
To trade goods or services without money.
Magna Carta
A “great charter” signed by King John in 1215 that granted certain rights to English nobles and became the foundation for future American ideals of liberty and justice.
Columbian Exchange
The transatlantic trade of crops, technology, and culture between the Americas and Europe, Africa and Asia that began in 1492 with Columbus’s first voyage to the Americas.
Treaty of Tordesillas
1494 treaty in which Portugal and Spain divided the non-Christian world.
Plantation
Large farm on which crops are raised mainly for sale.
Colony
An area of land settled by immigrants who continue to be ruled by their parent country.
Isthmus
A narrow strip of land that joins two larger land areas.
Conquistador
A Spanish conqueror.
Privateers
Privately owned ships hired by a government to attack enemy ships.
Charter
Certificate of permission given by a government.
Joint-stock Company
Company funded and run by a group of investors who share the company’s profits and losses.
Royal Colony
Colony with a governor appointed by the king.
Indentured Servants
Person who agrees to work for another person for a specified period of time, usually seven years, under a contract,, in return for transportation, food, and shelter.
Pilgrims
One of the groups of English Separatists who established Plymouth Colony in 1620.
Puritans
People who favored the purification of England’s Anglican Church.
Persecuted
For someone to be oppressed because of his or her beliefs.
Religious Tolerance
The idea that people of different religions should live in peace.
Diversity
The state of being diverse; variety.
Proprietary Colony
A colony granted by a king or queen to an individual or a group that has full governing rights.
Salutary Neglect
Great Britain’s policy in the early 1700s of not interfering in the American colonies’ policies and economy as long as such neglect served British economic interests.
Triangular Trade
Trade between the Americans, Europe, and Africa.
Self-sufficient
Having the necessary resources to get along without outside help.
Middle Passage
One leg of the triangular trade; term also used to refer to the forced transport of slaves from Africa to the Americas.
Dissent
Difference of opinion or belief.
Mutiny
Revolt against a superior authority.
Quakers
Member of a Protestant group that emphasizes equality.
Encomienda System
A system in which Native Americans were required to farm, ranch, or mine for the profit of an individual Spaniard; in return, the Spaniard was supposed to ensure the worker’s well-being.
Mestizos
Person of mixed Spanish and Native American heritage.
Cash Crop
Crop that is grown for sale.
