Science, Technology and Society - Lesson 1

What is technology as material products?

Results of scientific inquiry; hardware produced by a scientist.

What is technology as an application of knowledge?

The application of knowledge in solving scientific and practical problems to help humans survive and improve their life.

What is technology as human cultural activities?

Human cultural activities or endeavors.

What is modern technology?

Technology based on the advances of science since the end of WWII to the present.

What is science as a systematized body of knowledge?

A systematized body of knowledge.

What is science as an inquiry?

An organized and dynamic inquiry following the scientific method.

What is science as knowledge gained?

Knowledge gained through observation and experimentation.

What is science as a human activity?

Human activity conducted by scientists.

What is science as a social enterprise?

A social enterprise involving people, knowledge, skills, facilities, apparatuses, and technologies.

What characterizes humans in the field of science and technology?

Humans are an ingenious species.

What have humans (Homo sapiens) achieved in science and technology?

They have dreamed up and created amazing and far-out things.

When was the wheel invented?

3500 BC.

What concept led to the invention of the wheel?

Connecting a non-moving platform to a rolling cylinder.

What is the wheel and axle?

The concept of making wheels, developed after the wheel's invention.

How did mariners navigate before the compass?

They navigated using stars, which was ineffective during the day or on cloudy nights.

Who invented the first compass?

The Chinese.

When was the first compass invented?

Between the 9th and 11th centuries.

What material was the first compass made of?

Lodestone, a naturally magnetized iron ore.

How was the Si Nan compass improved?

By adding magnetic needles in the 11th century.

Who invented the printing press?

Johannes Gutenberg, around 1440.

What are diptych dials?

Portable instruments, usually made from ivory, produced mainly in Nuremberg from the late fifteenth century onwards.

Who patented the electric telephone?

Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

Who discovered penicillin?

Alexander Fleming in 1928, accidentally.

What are eco-friendly technologies?

Sustainable technologies that utilize environmental resources without causing negative effects.

What is the Internet?

A global system of interconnected computer networks used by billions worldwide.

When was the precursor to the Internet developed?

In the 1960s, by a team of computer scientists at the US Defense Department's ARPA.

What was ARPANET?

A communications network built to connect computers in the US Defense Department's ARPA, using packet switching.

What is a key disadvantage of science and technology related to human survival?

Threats like nuclear weapons, used in 1945 in Nagasaki and Hiroshima, Japan.

What are biological weapons?

Microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi) or toxins used to kill or injure people, e.g., anthrax.

What ethical dilemmas arise from science and technology?

Exploitation of advanced knowledge and devices causing harm, like deforestation, soil erosion, river pollution, and ocean waste dumping.

What disparities exist due to science and technology?

Advanced countries enjoy economic strength from science and technology, while millions in less developed countries do not benefit.

What social and cultural conflicts arise from science and technology?

Military power from superior, highly technical weapons influences national security and war outcomes.

What negative consequence is associated with production processes?

Pollution from production processes.

How do labor-saving technologies impact employment?

They increase unemployment by reducing the need for human labor.

What is a negative effect of converting agricultural land?

Conversion of agricultural land into urban areas.

What psychological and emotional effects do new technologies have?

Usage and addiction to new gadgets.

What are the risks of overused medical technologies?

They can cause fatal births and diseases.

What environmental issue is linked to science and technology?

Global warming.

What is a situation requiring discussion of science and technology advantages and disadvantages?

Use of social media.

What is another situation for discussing science and technology advantages and disadvantages?

Conversion of agricultural land to industrial areas.

What is the significance of genetically modified organisms?

Their emergence requires discussion of advantages and disadvantages.

What is the impact of robots/machines in industrial facilities?

Their use requires discussion of advantages and disadvantages.

Why discuss different brands and models of cars?

Their emergence necessitates evaluating advantages and disadvantages.

What is PHIVOLCS?

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology.

What is DOST?

Department of Science and Technology.

What is PAGASA?

Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical Services Administration.

What do PHIVOLCS, DOST, and PAGASA contribute?

They contribute to advancements in science and technology in the Philippines.