Reading 12 - Passage 2 - What destroyed the civilisation of Easter Island?

Civilisation /ˌsɪvəlʌɪˈzeɪʃən/ (n)
Ancient civilisations like the Egyptians have greatly influenced modern culture.

nền văn minh

Statue /ˈstætjuː/ (n)
The statue of liberty is a symbol of freedom.

bức tượng

Carved /kɑːvd/ (adj)
The carved wooden figures were displayed in the museum.

được chạm khắc

Ethnographer /ɛθˈnɒɡrəfə(r)/ (n)
The ethnographer studied the customs of indigenous tribes.

nhà dân tộc học

Stranded extraterrestrials /ˈstrændɪd ˌɛkstrətəˈrɛstrɪəlz/ (n)
The stranded extraterrestrials waited for help from their own species.

người ngoài hành tinh bị mắc kẹt

Linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/ (adj)
He is an expert in linguistic studies of ancient languages.

thuộc ngôn ngữ học

Folklore /ˈfəʊklɔːr/ (n)
The folklore of the region is rich in legends and myths.

truyền thuyết dân gian

Dragged /dræɡd/ (v)
He dragged the heavy suitcase across the floor.

kéo lê

Ropes /rəʊps/ (n)
The workers used ropes to lift the heavy materials.

dây thừng

Logs /lɒɡz/ (n)
The forest was filled with large logs after the storm.

khúc gỗ

Scrawny trees /ˈskrɔːni triːz/ (n)
The landscape was dotted with scrawny trees that had little foliage.

những cây gầy, cây còi cọc

Pollen /ˈpɒlən/ (n)
The air was thick with pollen during the spring season.

phấn hoa

Lake sediments /leɪk ˈsɛdɪmənts/ (n)
The scientists analyzed lake sediments to understand past climates.

trầm tích hồ

Wrecked /rɛkt/ (adj)
The ship was wrecked during the storm.

bị đắm, bị phá hủy

Fragile /ˈfrædʒaɪl/ (adj)
The fragile glassware shattered when dropped.

dễ vỡ, mong manh

Fertilised /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzd/ (adj)
The soil was fertilised to improve crop production.

đã được bón phân

Windblown /ˈwɪndbləʊn/ (adj)
The windblown sand created dunes across the desert.

bị thổi bởi gió

Scarce /skeə(r)s/ (adj)
Water is scarce in the desert regions.

khan hiếm

Crop yields /krɒp jiːldz/ (n)
The farmers were concerned about the declining crop yields.

năng suất mùa màng

Descended /dɪˈsɛndɪd/ (v)
The temperature descended rapidly as the sun set.

hạ xuống

Cannibalism /ˈkænɪbəlɪzəm/ (n)
Cannibalism was a practice in some ancient tribes.

ăn thịt người

Accelerated /əkˈsɛləreɪtɪd/ (adj)
The pace of technological development has accelerated in recent years.

tăng tốc

Interprets /ɪnˈtɜːprɪts/ (v)
He interprets ancient texts for historians.

giải thích, phiên dịch

Rival chieftains /ˈraɪvəl ˈʧiːftənz/ (n)
The rival chieftains fought for control of the territory.

các thủ lĩnh đối địch

Assert /əˈsɜːt/ (v)
He asserted his authority over the group.

khẳng định, quả quyết

Sledge /slɛdʒ/ (n)
They used a sledge to carry the heavy loads across the snow.

xe trượt tuyết

Toppling /ˈtɒplɪŋ/ (v)
The strong winds were toppling trees in the forest.

lật đổ, làm ngã

Blame /bleɪm/ (v)
She blamed her brother for breaking the vase.

đổ lỗi

Heroic efforts /hɪˈrəʊɪk ˈɛfərts/ (n)
The firefighters made heroic efforts to save the building.

nỗ lực anh hùng

Wind-lashed /wɪnd læʃt/ (adj)
The wind-lashed coast was difficult to navigate.

bị đánh bởi gió

Infertile fields /ˌɪnˈfɜːtaɪl fiːldz/ (n)
The farmers struggled with the infertile fields that yielded little.

những cánh đồng không màu mỡ

Windbreaks /ˈwɪndˌbreɪks/ (n)
The windbreaks along the coast helped reduce erosion.

hàng rào chắn gió

Prehistoric /ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk/ (adj)
The museum displayed prehistoric artifacts from ancient civilizations.

tiền sử

Pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/ (n)
She was a pioneer in the field of environmental science.

người tiên phong

Contend /kənˈtɛnd/ (v)
They had to contend with difficult working conditions.

đấu tranh, tranh cãi

Walked upright /wɔːkt ˈʌpraɪt/ (v)
Early humans walked upright on two legs.

đi thẳng, đi đứng thẳng

Overrun /ˌəʊvəˈrʌn/ (v)
The city was overrun by tourists during the summer season.

tràn ngập, bị chiếm lĩnh

Reseeding /ˌriːˈsiːdɪŋ/ (v)
The farmers are reseeding the fields to ensure a good crop next year.

gieo lại, trồng lại

Thereby /ˈðɛəbaɪ/ (adv)
He improved his health, thereby increasing his energy levels.

do đó, nhờ vậy mà

Domed /dəʊmd/ (adj)
The building had a domed roof that was an architectural marvel.

có mái vòm

Nuts /nʌts/ (n)
She loves eating nuts as a snack.

hạt, quả hạch

Slave /sleɪv/ (n)
The historical museum displayed artifacts related to the era of slavery.

nô lệ

Immunity /ɪˈmjuːnəti/ (n)
The vaccine provides immunity against certain diseases.

sự miễn dịch

Arrival /əˈraɪvəl/ (n)
The arrival of the new product was highly anticipated.

sự đến, sự xuất hiện

Decimated /ˈdɛsɪmeɪtɪd/ (adj)
The population was decimated by the plague.

bị tàn phá, bị giảm mạnh

Shrivelled /ˈʃrɪvəl(d)/ (adj)
The leaves shriveled up in the heat.

héo, khô quắt

Populated /ˈpɒpjʊleɪtɪd/ (adj)
The island was heavily populated with birds.

có dân cư, có người ở

Stewards /ˈstjuːədz/ (n)
The stewards ensured everything ran smoothly during the event.

người phục vụ, quản lý

Reckless /ˈrɛklɪs/ (adj)
His reckless driving caused the accident.

liều lĩnh, thiếu thận trọng

Diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/ (v)
The pain will gradually diminish over time.

giảm bớt, làm yếu đi