NVCC BIO 141 Chapter 9 (Terms)

Origin

attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction

Insertion

attachment to movable bone

Agonists

prime movers, primarily responsible for producing a particular movement

Antagonists

opposite side of agonist, opposes and slows the action

Synergists

assist with movement

Fixators

hold a bone still or stabilize the origin of a prime mover so all the tension can be used to move the insertion bone

Brevis

short

Longus

long

Vastus

wide/large

Anteriror

towards the front

External

outside

Infra

below

Intercostal

between the ribs

Internal

of or situated on the inside

Posterior

toward the back

Profundus

deep

Superficialis

surface

Supra

above

Abductor

moves bone away from midline

Adductor

Moves bone closer to midline

Depressor

pulls down

Erector

holds erect or straight

Extensor

increases the angle of a joint

Flexor

Decreases the angle of a joint

Levator

raises or elevates a body part

Pronator

turns palm posteriorly

Supinator

turn palm anteriorly

Abdominis

abdominal

Brachii

arm

Capitis

head

Carpi

wrist

Cervicis

neck

Digitorum/Digiti

related to fingers/toes

Femoris

femur or thigh

Gluteal

buttock

Hallucis

great toe

Oculi

eye

Oris

mouth

Pectoralis

chest

Pollicis

thumb

Oblique

indirect; slanting

Orbicular

circular

Rectus

straight

Transversus

transverse

Biceps

two heads

Quadriceps

four heads

Triceps

three heads

Deltoid

triangular

Maximus

largest

Minimus/Minimi

smallest

Minor

small

Quadratus

rectangular

Rhomboid

diamond shaped

Serratus

serrated/jagged

Trapezius

trapezoid