CAMBRIDGE IELTS 20 - TEST 3 - PASSAGE 1

preserve

keep, maintain, protect #spoil, rot

evidence

the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that something is true (= proof) #assumption

inhabitant

resident, dweller, occupant #visitor, outsider

unique

unusual, uncommon, distinctive #common

means

way, method, approach #obstacle, barrier

conserve

save, protect, economize #waste

consumption

using, eating, intake

freeze

make icy, solidify, chill #melt, thaw, heat

trample

crush with feet, stomp on, flatten

squeeze out the moisture

press out water, extract water, drain

nutritional

relating to food and how it affects health #unhealthy, junk

aesthetic

artistic, tasteful, beautiful #unattractive, plain

appeal

attraction, charm, beauty #unattractiveness

enormous

very big, huge, massive #tiny, small

block

piece, chunk, lump #speck, crumb

tow

pull, haul, drag

preservation

protection, conservation, safeguarding #spoiling, decay

insulated

protected, shielded, covered #uninsulated, exposed

mechanical

machine-operated, automated, technical #natural, manual

compressor

compacting machine, pressurizer, pump

force

push, drive, propel

ammonia

a gas with a strong smell; a clear liquid containing ammonia, used as a cleaning substance

condenser

cooler, cooling device, gas-to-liquid converter #evaporator, boiler

compressed

pressed, compacted, squeezed

give up

let go of, lose, emit #absorb, keep

release

let out, set free, discharge #hold, contain

evaporator

liquid-to-gas converter

coil

loop, curl, winding

compartment

part, section, chamber #the whole, an open space

freezing point

the temperature when something turns to ice

initially

at first, in the beginning, originally #finally, in the end

invent

to create something for the first time

cattlemen

livestock farmer, herdsman, stockman

export

to send goods to another country #import

shipment

delivery, load, cargo #single item, pickup

mutton

the meat from an adult sheep eaten as food

palatable

tasty, edible, acceptable to eat #disgusting, inedible

deterioration

decline, worsening, degradation #improvement, preservation

cell

the smallest basic unit of a plant or animal

burst

to break open suddenly #stay whole, seal

spoil

ruin, damage, decay #preserve, protect

texture

the way something feels or looks

indigenous

native, original, local #foreign

trap

catch, capture, ensnare #release, free

fur

the soft thick mass of hair that grows on the body of some animals

fascinated

amazed, captivated, intrigued #bored, uninterested

Arctic

polar, northern, frigid #tropical

capable of

able to, skilled at, competent in #incapable of, unable to

methodically

systematically, orderly, carefully #randomly, chaotically

gradually

slowly, step by step, over time #suddenly, quickly

business

company, firm, enterprise

division

department, section, branch

innovate

invent, modernize, pioneer

key

main, important, essential #minor, unimportant

innovation

new idea or method, breakthrough, invention #tradition

crystal

a piece of a substance that has become solid, with a regular shape

package

parcel, box, packet

cellophane

a thin, transparent material used for covering food and other items

transparent

clear, see-through, crystal-clear

consumer

buyer, user, shopper #seller, producer

obstacle

difficulty, barrier, hindrance #help, advantage

grocery

food store, supermarket, market

afford to

have enough money for, be able to buy, pay for

establish

found, create, build #abolish, destroy

lease

rent, hire, let #buy, sell

insulated

protected, covered, shielded

ship

send, transport, deliver #receive, pick up

nationwide

countrywide, across the nation #locally, regionally

efficient

effective, productive, useful #inefficient

take advantage of

utilize, make use of, exploit

boost

increase, rise, improvement #setback, decrease

tin

a chemical element that is a silver-coloured metal

munition

arm, weapon, ammunition

canned food

tinned food, preserved food, packaged food #fresh food

rationed

limited, restricted, controlled #unlimited, freely available

abundant

rich, plentiful, ample #scarce, rare

appliance

device, machine, gadget

manufacturer

maker, producer, supplier

average

typical, ordinary, regular #unusual, wealthy

compartment

section, division, partition #the whole, an open space

mealtime

eating time, dining time, lunch time #snack time

canned

packaged, tinned, preserved

poultry

meat from domestic birds, chickens, and fowl

adapt

adjust, modify, fit

budget

funds, allocation, resources

launch

introduce, start, release

consist of

include, contain, be made of #exclude

segmented

divided, sectioned, partitioned #one-piece, whole

tray

plate, dish, platter #bowl, cup

instant success

immediate success, quick success, overnight hit

resist

fight against, withstand, refuse

single-serving

for one person, individual portion, one-person size #family-size

oven

the part of a cooker that is like a box with a door on the front, in which food is cooked or heated

annually

yearly, per year, every year

turnover

revenue, sales, earnings #expenses

cafeteria

canteen, dining hall, self-service restaurant #fine dining, full-service restaurant

represent

account for, constitute, make up