Motor Learning

Motor Learning

a set of internal processes associated with practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes in the capability of motor skill

What is needed for motor learning

• practice

• retention

• adaptability

• sensory info

• feedback

2 theories of motor learning

1. Adam's closed loop theory (sensory)

2. Schmidts schema theory (organizes motor performance)

Stages of motor learning

Fitts and posner stages

1. Cognitive

2. Associative

3. Autonomous

Neural Plasticity

The ability of the nervous system to change or reorganize/rewire

Neurogenesis

growth of new nervous tissue

Synaptogensis

the process of forming new synapses, which are the junctions between neurons, allowing them to communicate.

righting reactions

reflexes that maintain a stable, upright posture by coordinating head and body movements

Labyrinthine head righting

when head is displaced reaction is initiated by the vestibular system in the inner ear with eyes closed

Neck righting on body

reflex that helps orient body in response to changes in body and neck

Body righting on body

reaction that allows infant to orient their body segments to ground independent of the head

Optical righting

Uses visual input to help individual orient their head

Protective extension reactions

1. forward (6-7mo old)

2. sideways

3. backwards

Equilibrium reactions

whole body response to a LOB but now adds extremities to help return to midline

reflex

an action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought

Reflex cause

• survival, nutrition, protection