Rocks and Minerals--24 cards

inorganic

Not formed from living things or the remains of living things

streak

The color of a mineral in powdered form

luster

The way a mineral reflects light

crystal structure

the arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a regular way to form a crystal

cleavage

the splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces

fracture

The way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way

Moh's scale

a scale used to determine the hardness of a mineral

metamorphic rock

rock that has been changed by heat and pressure

texture

The look and feel of a rock's surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock's grains.

weathering

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

foliated

Term used to describe metamorphic rocks whose grains are arranged in layers or bands.

sedimentary rock

a rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment

igneous rock

rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies

intrusive

a type of ingneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface.

extrusive

fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface

rock cycle

A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another

compaction and cementation

processes that form sedimentary rock

heat and pressure

processes that form metamorphic rock

melting and cooling

process that forms igneous rocks

fixed chemical formula

chemical make up doesn't change

on the surface

where many sedimentary rocks are formed

deeper in the crust

where many metamorphic rocks are formed

grain

size, texture, and type of minerals found in rock

rock cycle

the series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock