FRCR Part 2A and Radiology Boards Vocabulary Revision

Vocabulary flashcards covering key radiological syndromes, concepts, anatomical structures, and signs based on the FRCR Part 2A review text.

SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV)

The causative viral agent of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS).

CT angiogram sign

A radiological sign describing low attenuation lung consolidation that does not obscure underlying pulmonary vessels, characteristically seen in mucin-producing bronchoalveolar carcinoma.

Gliding sign

The normal breath-related movement of the visceral pleura visualised on ultrasound, the absence of which indicates a pneumothorax.

Vessel sign

An ultrasound sign in which a thrombosed pulmonary artery or vessel can be directly visualised.

Aortic isthmus

A focal narrowing of the aorta distal to the left subclavian artery and proximal to the ductus arteriosus that typically disappears by $2$ months of age, and represents the site of 95\text{\textpercent} of traumatic aortic ruptures.

Takayasu's arteritis

A large-vessel vasculitis in which 90\text{\textpercent} of patients are aged $30$ years or younger, characterized by acute arterial wall thickening, contrast enhancement, and pulmonary artery involvement in 50\text{\textpercent} of cases.

Erlenmeyer's flask deformity

A skeletal anomaly characterized by distal expansion of a long bone (typically the femur) into a conical flask shape, resulting from marrow-expanding conditions such as osteopetrosis, thalassaemia, or Gaucher's disease.

Hill-Sachs lesion

A cortical depression/fracture of the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head caused by anterior glenohumeral dislocation, best visualised radiographically on internal rotation views.

Grashey view

A $40^\text{o}$ posterior oblique radiograph of the shoulder that demonstrates the glenoid in profile and clears the glenohumeral joint space.

Peutz-Jegher's syndrome

An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and gastrointestinal polyps located most commonly in the small bowel (90\text{\textpercent}), colon (30\text{\textpercent}), stomach (25\text{\textpercent}), and duodenum (15\text{\textpercent}).

von Meyenburg complex

A benign liver malformation consisting of multiple bile duct hamartomas that result from the failure of embryonic bile ducts to regress.

Meigs' syndrome

A clinical triad consisting of a benign ovarian fibroma, ascites, and a right-sided pleural effusion, often accompanied by weight loss.

Hypothalamic hamartoma

A non-enhancing congenital lesion composed of heterotopic neuronal tissue located at or near the mamillary bodies, classic for presenting with gelastic (laughing) seizures.

Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM)

A posterior fossa malformation characterized by cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, enlargement of the posterior fossa, and agenesis of the cerebellar vermis.

Brodel's line

A relatively avascular zone located along the posterior aspect of the lateral convex margin of the kidney at the junction between the anterior two-thirds and posterior one-third, used as an entry path for percutaneous nephrostomy.