Statistics Exam Notes Review

These flashcards cover essential concepts in statistics, especially regarding regression, probability, and distributions based on the exam preparation notes.

Regression Line

A line that best fits a set of data points, often used to predict the value of one variable based on another.

Residual

The difference between the observed value and the predicted value from a regression model.

Probability

The measure of the likelihood that an event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.

Mean

The average of a set of values, calculated by dividing the sum of these values by the number of values.

Normal Distribution

A continuous probability distribution characterized by a symmetric bell-shaped curve, defined by its mean and standard deviation.

Percentile

A value below which a certain percentage of observations fall.

Confidence Interval

A range of values derived from sample statistics that is likely to contain the value of an unknown population parameter.

Hypothesis Test

A statistical method that uses sample data to evaluate a hypothesis about a population parameter.

Standard Deviation

A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.

P-value

The probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct.